Update: 2012-01-03 06:14 PM +0630
SED-con-r4-indx.htm
from: Online Sanskrit Dictionary , February 12, 2003 . http://sanskritdocuments.org/dict/dictall.pdf 090907
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index.htm | Top
SED-con-r4-indx.htm
{wag}-consonants - the classifiables : contd
{ta.} त ta -
ta-073b2-2.htm
{ta.hta.} -
ta1hta1-p074top-6.htm
{ta.ya.} -
ta1ya1-075b2-2.htm
{ta} - ta2-076b1-4.htm
{ti.} ति -
ti1-077top-5.htm
{tu.} तु +
{tRi.} -
tu1-077b2-2.htm
{té}-{tè:} / ते तै -
te-078top-3.htm
{tau:}-{tau}
/ तो तौ - tau-078b3-2.htm
t-medials -
t-med-078b3-4.htm
Bur-Myan medials (formed with {ya.}, {ra.}, {la.}, {wa.}) are supposed to be easily pronounceable conjuncts, however, in the case of r4 consonants (except the nasal), they are not. They are pronounced as disyllables: with schwa /ə/ in the first.
{da.} द -
da1-080b2-2.htm
{da.ya.} -
da1ya1-081b1-4.htm
{dar~} -
dar-081b2-2.htm
{da.la.} -
da1la1-081b3-3.htm
{da} -
da2-082b2-2.htm
{di.} दि -
di1-083b2-2.htm
{di} दी -
di2-084top-3.htm
{du.} दु du - du1-0842-3.htm
{dur~} -
dur-p085top-2.htm
{du} +
{dRi} - du2-p086top.htm
{dé}-{dè:} / दे दै -
de-086b3-3.htm
{dau:}-{dau}
/ दो दौ -
dau-088b1.htm
d-medials -
d-med-088b2-5.htm
{Da.} ध -
DDa1-089b4.htm
{Dar~} धर् -
DDar-090b2-2.htm
{Da} धा - DDa2-091top-6.htm
{Di.} धि - DDi1-091b3.htm
{DRi.} धृ -
DDRRi1-092top-6.htm
{na.} न -
na1-093top-3.htm
{na.ya.} नय -
na1ya1-094top-2.htm
{na.la.} नल -
na1la1-094b2-5.htm
{na.sha.} नश -
na1sha1-094b3-5.htm
Includes my notes on my accepting
conjunct {þhya.} as a regular consonant {sha.}
{na} ना -
na2-095top-4.htm
{na-ya.} नाय -
na2ya1-096top-2.htm
(ni.} ति -
ni1-096b3-2.htm
{ni.ya.} निय -
ni1ya1-098b2-2.htm
{nir~} निर् -
nir-099b2.htm
{ni.yya.} निर्य -
ni1yya1-100top.htm
{ni} नी -
ni2-101b2-2.htm
Note: The IPA symbols I have given are the nearest phonemic pronunciation
that I speak and hear and would be different for another person.
Be careful of the environmental Romabama vowel change due to the killed coda consonant
inserted into a syllable shown in black in the following examples:
• {ka.ka.} --> {kak~ka.} (/a/ -> /æ/ )
• {ka.ma.} --> {kûm~ma.} (/a/ -> /ʌ/ ) -- UKT 100616
The consonants are divided into two main groups, the {wag}-consonants from {ka.} through {ma.}, and {a.wag}-conjuncts from {ya.} through {ha.}. The {wag}-consonants are the regular consonants that can be cross-grouped as voiceless (vl.), voiced (vd.), and nasals, whereas the {a.wag}-consonants are not easily group-able and are known as the approximants. In the abugida system of writing, the consonants can form innumerable consonants in the form of conjuncts by use of virama (viram). These conjuncts are all pronounceable in Hindi (and Sanskrit), but only some are pronounceable in Burmese (and possibly Pali-Myanmar). Thus, for the Burmese speakers, the medials are those conjuncts that can be pronounced: the rest are simply conjuncts.
From: Paul Joyce, German Course, Univ. of Portsmouth. http://userweb.port.ac.uk/~joyce1/abinitio/pronounce/consonr3.html 100102
The German vocalic 'r' is so-called because it is pronounced as a vowel, not a consonant. Sometimes referred to as a 'dark schwa', vocalic 'r' is articulated with the tongue slightly lower and further back in the vowel area than the 'schwa' sound heard at the end of such German words as 'Liebe', 'Katze' and 'Ratte'.
Vocalic 'r' can only be used in certain specific situations which are
outlined below. Its most common usage is in unstressed
Sounds 1: Vocalic 'r' in final position: 83.mp3 <))
Bruder <brother> ; Schwester <sister>; Mutter <mother>; Vater <father>
Sounds 2: Vocalic 'r' after a long vowel: 82.mp3 <))
¤ Tor <gate; goal> ; Uhr <clock> ;
¤ mehr <more> ; vier <four> ;
¤ Bier <beer> ; Chor <chorus>
Vocalic 'r' is also heard when the letter
Sounds 3: Vocalic 'r' after long vowel + before another consonant: 81.mp3 <))
¤ Pferd <horse> ; Herd <cooker> ;
¤ spürte <felt> ; führte <led>
You will also hear vocalic 'r' in the unstressed German prefixes
Sounds 4: Vocalic 'r' in unstressed prefixes: 84.mp3 <))
¤ erlauben <to allow> ; vergessen <to forget> ;
¤ zertören <to destroy) ; hereinkommen <to come in>
In the following pairs of words, the first word contains a vocalic
Sounds 5: Vocalic 'r' or consonantal 'r' ? : jünger.wav <))
¤ jünger <younger> ; die jüngere <the younger one>
¤ Meer <sea> ; Meere <seas>
¤ clever <clever> ; der clevere <the clever one>
Finally, listen to these words in which vocalic
Sounds 6: Vocalic and consonantal 'r' within the same word: bruder.wav<))
¤ Frankfurter (Frankfurter sausage) ; Bruder <brother>
¤ Lehrer (male teacher) ; Lehrerin (female teacher)
¤ Reporter (male reporter) ; Reporterin (female reporter)
Go back vocalic-R-note-b
End of TIL file