by U Hla Maw, B.Sc., Research Officer, Pharmaceuticals Section, Applied Chemistry, Research Department, Union of Burma Applied Research Institute, 1959.
Copied from the original (typewriter copy) by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) in 1985 August. HTML version by UKT, and staff of TIL for staff and students of TIL. Edited by UKT for incorporating into Myanmar Medicinal Plant Database. Not for sale.
43• Datura fastuosa
44• Datura metal
45• Datura stramonium
46• Dichoroa febrifuga
47• Dregea volubilis
Synonyms: Black Datura
Vernacular name: Padaing-mè
Botanical origin: Datura fastuosa Linn
Family: Solonaceae
Part used: Dried leaves
Distribution: Kachin State, Mongnai Range, Kalaw Range, Southern and Northern Shan States. An occasional weed common in waste land and on rubbish heaps.
Plant: An annual herb with stout stem about 30-60 cm high, rather succulent, divaricately branched with ovate deeply toothed leaves, main nerves usually about 8 on one side of the mid rib and 6 on the other, flowers purple outside, usually white inside, stout hairy, fruit a capsule nodding on curved pedicels, covered all over with numerous sharp prickles.
Constituents:
1. 0.12 % of total alkaloids
2. Chief alkaloid - Scopolamine
3. Hydrocyamine, Hyoscine, Atropine - all in traces (4)
Uses: Relax bronchial muscles in the bronchial spasm of asthma, intoxicatic, emetic, digestive. Scopolamine is used as hypnotic drug.
Synonyms: White Datura
Vernacular name: Padaing-phyu
Botanical origin: Datura metal Linn. syn. D. alba Nees
Family: Solanaceae
Part used: Dried leaves
Distribution: Kachin State, Chill Hills, Mongnai Range, Kalaw, Taunggyi. An occasional weed.
Plant: An annual densely woody herb with greyish tomentum, stem erect 0.9 - 1.2 m high, stout, terete, leaves narrowly ovate, margin entire or narrowly toothed, apex acute to acuminate, base unequal and often cordate. Flowers solitary, large whitish green purple below. Fruit a capsule, globose, nodding, covered with long rather slender spines.
Constituents:
1. Active principles similar to that of stramonium
2. Chief alkaloid - Scopolamine
3. Other alkaloids - a-Meteloidine, b Nor-hyoscyamine (4)
Uses: Relax bronchial muscles in the bronchial spasm of asthma, intoxicatic, emetic, digestive. Scopolamine is used as hypnotic drug.
Preparation: Extractum Daturae Herba Liquidum, Extractum Daturae Seminae Siccum (I.P.)
Synonyms: Thorn Apple, Apple of Peru
Vernacular name: Padaing-khatta
Botanical origin: Datura stramonium Linn
Family: Solanaceae
Part used: Dried leaves and flowering tops
Distribution: Kachin State, Chin Hills, Mongnai range, Taunggyi, Shan States
Plant: An annual rank smelling herb attaining a height of 1- 1.6 m., stem glabrous and dividdes into 2 or 3 green branches which in turn bifurcate and bear inquilaterally-ovate acuminate leaves with sinuate-dentate margins. Flowers appear in the forks of branches on short peduncles, white. Fruit a prickly 4 valved capsule, the lower prickles of which are mostly shorter than those above.
Constituents:
1. 0.7 % of alkaloids
2. Hypo-cyamine
3. Acropine
4. Apotropine
5. Belladonnine
6. Scopolamine
7. Resin
8. Daturine (a mixture of Hyoscyamine and Atropine) (4)
Uses: Relax brochial muscles in bronchial asthma. Also employed as an anodyne in Postencephalitic Parkinsonism, Paralysis agitans. Properties similar to Belladona.
Preparation: Extractum Stramonii Liquidum (I.P.). Extractum Stramoii Siccum, Tinctura Stramonii (B.P.)(U.S.P.)
Synonyms:
Vernacular name: Yinbya
Botanical origin: Dichroa febrifuga Lour
Family: Saxifragaceae
Part used: Roots and leaves
Distribution: Kachin State, Myitkyina, Bhamo, Mogok, Taunggyi, Prome, Tharawaddy, Pa-an Division, Taung-gale
Plant: A shrub with persistent, opposite, serrate lanceolate leaves and a terminal pancile. Flowers blue or purple. Fruit a berry, inferior, blue.
Constituents:
1. Contains 2 alkaloids: Febrifugine, Isofebrifugine (9)
Uses: Roots are used to cure malaria, febrifuge, has antipyretic action like quinine (1.5 times).
Synonyms:
Vernacular name: Gwe-dauk-nwe {hkwé:tauk-nwè}.
Botanical origin: Dregea volubilis, Benth.
Family: Asclopiadaceae.
Part used: Roots.
Distribution: Insein, Myitkyina, Mongnai Range, Central Range, (Southern Shan State)
Plant: A large twining shrub with very long, glabrous older ash coloured branches often with lenticels and sometimes with small black dots, the young branches are slender, smooth and green, leaves 3-6 by 2-4 in., rather coriaceous, base rounded or cordate, nerves 4-5 pairs, petiole 1-3 in; Cymes axillary, umbelliform, flowers green, follicles thick hard winged or ribbed.
Constituents: Glucoside dregein, alkaloid (20)
Uses: Emetic and expectorant.
End of TIL file