p029.htm
• A Practical Sanskrikt Dictionary,
by A. A. Macdonell, 1893,
http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MDScan/index.php?sfx=jpg;
1929.
-
Nataraj ed., 1st in 2006, 2012.
-
https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/macdonell/ 190516
• The Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and
Dictionary, BHS, vol.2, by F. Edgerton,
pp. 627.
-
FEdgerton-BHSD<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link chk 180627)
• The Student's Pali English dictionary ,
by U Pe Maung Tin, 1920.
- (ref: UPMT-PEDxxx).
Downloaded copies in TIL
HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries:
-
UPMT-PaliDict1920<Ô> /
bkp<Ô> (link chk 190113)
• Pali-Myanmar Dictionary
(in Pal-Myan), by U Hoke Sein,
- (ref: UHS-PMD). The dictionary in printed form is in TIL Research Library.
• Latin-English Vocabulary II, by Hans H Ørberg, 1998
-
HHOrberg-LinguaLatina<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link
chk 190624)
Edited by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA),
Daw Khin Wutyi, Daw Thuzar Myint, Daw Zinthiri Han
and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL).
Not for sale. No copyright. Free for everyone.
Prepared for students and staff of TIL
Research Station, Yangon, MYANMAR
-
http://www.tuninst.net ,
www.romabama.blogspot.com
MC-indx.htm |
Top
MCpp-indx.htm
{a.la}
p029c1
{a.li.}
{a.laing}
{a.lain}
{a.li}
{a.lé}
{a.lau:}
cf. Pal-Myan:
{a.lau:Ba.}
{a.lau}
{al} : Similar to Repha in
p027.htm:
{a.} checked by killed
{la.}/
{l}
p029c2
{a.wa.}/
{ao} - the effect of killed-{wa.} is
assumed to produce syllables ending
in vowels
{a.wa.ka.}
{a.wa.ksa.} : Pseudo Kha
{a.wa.hka.}
: Regular Kha
{a.wa.ga.}
{a.wa.sa.}
p029c3
{a.wa.ña.} :
{ña.} ञ, as part of conjunct
{ñ~sa.} ञ्च
{a.wa.Ta.}
{a.wa.ta.}
{a.wa.da.}
{a.wa.Da.}
UKT 150402: Bur-Myan speaker-writers must be careful to differentiate the basic r2c5 consonant Nya'le,
, from the vowel-letter "Akkhaya" . In old ink-on-paper books, the Myanmar letter-press printers had used moveable type with "slugs" cast using hot metal typesetting. And the same slug was used. See Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letterpress_printing 150402.{U.} उ
The inset pix (from unknown source) shows, the slugs used to print the phrase "in the beginning". This practice has been continued even when computer-font is in use. However, I have used different representation, shown in lengths of the "foot" of the glyph:with long foot, and vowel-letter with short foot. When Nya'le , becomes the first member of a vertical conjunct, its foot is modified, e.g. . Remember "Akkhaya" , can be modified only with{loän:kri:tín} as in
Bur-Myan and {nhic-hkyaún:ngín} as in Mon-Myan{U:}
{U:}.
Orphans:
अवx{093c}टुज avatu-ga hair on the neck.
अवx{093c}ट ava-tá pit; cavity.
UKT notes :
• Avagraha
अवग्रह
«avagraha» ऽ
• The problem of English vowel <u>
Orphan:
अवगति [ ava-gati ] f. understanding, apprehension;
-kkheda-ka, a. determining, distinguishing;
-dhâra&ntod;a, n. restriction; emphasis on preceding word.
{a.la}
UKT 140803: Short vowel
{a.la.} lasting one eye-blink, is more complex than long vowel
{a.la:} is absent in Skt-Dev. See previous file - p028-3.htm
{a.la:.} (1/2 blk);
p029c1-b00/ p030
• अलाघव
[ a-lâghava ]
- n. no relief, to (g.).
अलाघव a-lâghava no relief, to (g.).
p029c1-b01/ p030
• अलात [ alâta ]
- n. firebrand.
अलात alâta
firebrand.
p029c1-b02/ p030
• अलाबु alaNbu,
˚बू [ -bû ]
- f. gourd; m. n. its fruit;
gourd-bottle; -maya, a. made
of a gourd.
अलाबु -bû gourd;
m. n. its fruit; gourd-bottle; -maya, a. made of a gourd.
© अलाबु
«alābu»
Skt: अलाबु
[alãbu], ˚बू
[-bû ] - f. gourd;
m. n. its fruit; gourd-bottle
- Mac029c1
Skt: अलाबु
«alābu» - f. bottle-gourd, squash
(Cucurbita pepo - Bot),
pumpkin gourd. m.n. vessel made
of bottle-gourd. n. fruit of the
bottle-gourd -- SpkSkt
Bur:
{bu:} or
{Bu:} -- MED2006-313, -323
UKT 131027: When we were young the regular spelling was
{Ba.}-words belonging to column c4 - were of 'foreign origin'. [This theory about c4 is widely held to be true by the majority including myself. With present study of BEPS, I am finding that this theory is simply false.] It took place during my lecturing days at RIT when we were forced into translating - under the threat of dismissal - all 'foreign words', primarily the scientific terms including chemical, chemical engineering, and medicine into Bur-Myan. The Burmese terms had to be mostly coined, which were equally 'foreign' to us. However, the MLC did not have the courage to change words such as 'Party', 'Unit', and 'Cadre'. The person, who came to RIT to enforce the change was the late U Tun Myint from Rangoon University Press.
p029c1-b03/ p030
• अलाभ [ a-lâbha ]
- m. non-obtainment; absence; loss;
-kâla, m. unfit time for
obtainment.
अलाभ a-lâbha
non-obtainment; absence; loss; -kâla, m. unfit time for
obtainment.
p029c1-b04/ p030
• अलास्य
[ a-lâsya ]
- a. not dancing.
अलास्य a-lâsya
not dancing.
{a.li.}
p029c1-b05/ p030
• अलि [ ali ]
- m. bee; -kula, n. swarm of bees.
अलि ali bee; -kula,
n. swarm of bees.
p029c1-b06/ p030
• अलिक [ alika ]
- m. forehead.
अलिक alika
forehead.
p029c1-b07/ p030
• अलिङग
alinaga [ a-liṅga ]
= अ ल ि ङ ग -->
{a.lain~ga.}
(vertical conjunct in Mac)
Skt: अलिङग
[ a-liṅga ]
- a. lacking characteristics; lacking gender.
-- Mac029c1
अलिङग a-liṅga
lacking characteristics; lacking gender.
BPal:
{a.lain~ga.}
- 
- UHS-PMD
UKT: mfn. absence of gender
(characteristics)
p029c1-b08/ p030
• अलिङ्गिन् [ a-liṅgin ]
- a. not entitled to wear badges.
अलिङ्गिन्
a-liṅgin not entitled to wear badges.
{a.lain}
p029c1-b09/ p030
• अलिन् [ alin ]
- m. bee; -î, f. female bee; swarm of bees.
अलिन् alin bee;
-î, f. female bee; swarm of bees.
p029c1-b10/ p030
• अलिन्द [ alinda ]
- m. terrace.
अलिन्द alinda
terrace.
p029c1-b11/ p030
• अलिमत् [ ali-mat ]
- a. covered with bees: (d)-dalin, a. having petals covered with bees;
-mâlâ,
f. swarm of bees.
अलिमत् ali-mat
covered with bees: (d)-dalin, a. having petals covered with
bees; -mâlâ, f. swarm of bees.
{a.li}
p029c1-b12/ p030
• अलीक [ alîka ]
- a. disagreeable; false; n. disagreeable thing; untruthfulness,
falsehood; forehead; -nimîlana, n. feigned closing of the eyes; -pandita,
m. philosophaster; -mantrin, m. dishonest minister; -vâda-sîla,
a. lying; -supta,
-ka, n. feigned sleep.
अलीक alîka
disagreeable; false; n. disagreeable thing; untruthfulness,
falsehood; forehead; -nimîlana, n. feigned closing of the
eyes; -pandita, m. philosophaster; -mantrin, m. dishonest
minister; -vâda-sîla, a. lying; -supta, -ka, n. feigned
sleep.
Philosophaster is a Latin satirical comedy by Robert Burton (1577–1640). He began writing the play in 1606 and completed it by 1615. ... Since the play is about someone who pretends to be a philosopher, the term itself has been used in more recent times to refer to a pretender to philosophy.
-- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophaster 160924
p029c1-b13/ p030
• अलीन [ a-lîna ]
- pp. not adhering.
अलीन a-lîna not
adhering.
{a.lu.}
p029c1-b14/ p030
• अलुप्तसत्त्वकोश [ a-lupta-sattva-kosa ]
- a. having a full treasure of courage.
अलुप्तसत्त्वकोश
a-lupta-sattva-kosa having a full treasure of
courage.
p029c1-b15/ p030
• अलुब्ध [ a-lubdha ]
- pp. not covetous; -tva, n. contentment.
अलुब्ध a-lubdha
not covetous; -tva, n. contentment.
{a.lu}
p029c1-b16/ p030
• अलून [ a-lûna ]
- pp. unplucked, unhurt.
अलून a-lûna
unplucked, unhurt.
{a.lé}
p029c1-b17/ p030
• अलेख्य [ a-lekhya ]
- fp. not to be reckoned among (lc.).
अलेख्य a-lekhya
not to be reckoned among (lc.).
p029c1-b18/ p030
• अलेपक [ a-lepaka ]
- a. untainted, pure.
अलेपक a-lepaka
untainted, pure.
{a.lau:}
cf. Pal-Myan:
{a.lau:Ba.}
UKT 131028: Can it also be
{a.lo}? Remember both
See: How sound is produced and heard in HUMAN VOICE
- indx-HV.htm > snd-hear.htm (link chk 160924)
p029c1-b19/ p030
• अलोकसामान्य
[ a-loka-sâmânya ]
- a. not shared by ordinary people.
अलोकसामान्य
a-loka-sâmânya not shared by ordinary people.
p029c1-b20/ p030
• अलोक्य
[ a-lokyá ]
- a. unusual; improper, inadmissible;
excluding from heaven.
अलोक्य a-lokyá
unusual; improper, inadmissible; excluding from heaven.
UKT 140803, 160825: The word "heaven" is to be taken in the sense of Hindu religion, and I would interpret is it as the "abode of Déva" or
{dé-wa.lau:ka.}.
It is not Nirvana in the Theravada Buddhist sense. The religious leaders would just point to the celestial sphere above studded with fix stars and moving luminaries which they take to be celestial entities.
p029c1-b21/ p030
• अलोपयत् [ a-lopayat ]
- cs. pr. pt. not causing to desist from (ab.).
अलोपयत्
a-lopayat not causing to desist from (ab.).
p029c1-b22/ p030
• अलोभ [ a-lobha ] cf. Pal-Myan:
{a.lau:Ba.}
- m. freedom from confusion; lack of cupidity; moderation; a. moderate,
contented.
अलोभ a-lobha
freedom from confusion; lack of cupidity; moderation; a.
moderate, contented.
UKT 150401: Compare अलोभ [ a-lobha ] with Pal-Myan:
p029c1-b23/ p030
• अलोमक [ a-lómaka (or áka) ]
- a. (akî or ikî) hairless.
अलोमक a-lómaka (or
áka) (akî or ikî) hairless.
UKT 140803, 160924: In Pal-Myan, there are two terms for "hair": head-hair & body-hair. The above mean body-hair.
p029c1-b24/ not online
• [a-loman]
- a. id.
p029c1-b25/ p030
• अलोल [ a-lola ]
- a. not fickle, not greedy; -tva, n. constancy.
अलोल a-lola not
fickle, not greedy; -tva, n. constancy.
p029c1-b26/ p030
• अलोलुप्यमान [ a-lolupya-mâna ]
- int. pr. pt. not greedy.
अलोलुप्यमान
a-lolupya-mâna not greedy.
p029c1-b27/ p030
• अलोहित [ a-lóhita (or tá) ]
- a. bloodless.
अलोहित a-lóhita
(or tá) bloodless.
{a.lau}
p029c1-b28/ p030
• अलौकिक [ a-laukika ]
- a. (î) unusual, extraordinary.
अलौकिक a-laukika
(î) unusual, extraordinary.
{al}
UKT 160924: Similar to Repha in p027.htm:
{al-} or a conjunct . Note: "Lepha" is my coined word because of its similarity to Repha. Also keep in mind the interchange of /l/ (in Tib-Bur) and /r/ (in IE) which can be seen in Lāghula
{la-Gu.la.} becoming Rāhula
{ra-hu.la.}. See: F. Edgerton, Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and Dictionary, - BHS-indx.htm (link chk 160924)
{king:si:}-form
#1. size of repha < l > small , #2. no ~ between <a> & < l >.However, in order to show its similarity to Pal-Myan, it can also be presented as a conjunct. See Pal-Myan words in UHS PMD, p.0130, e.g.
{al~la.} 'dampness'.
p029c1-b29/ p030
• अल्ग [ algá ]
= अ ल ् ग
- m. du. groin, loins.
अल्ग algá groin,
loins.
p029c1-b30/ p030
• अल्प [ álpa ]
= अ ल ् प
- a. small, little, short, trifling, insignificant, feeble; n. a
little: -m, ad. slightly; in., ab. easily, quickly;
-ká, a. (ikâ) id.; m.
wretched wight; n. a little: -m, ad. slightly; -kârya,
a. insignificant; -kâla-tva,
n. shortness of time; -gña, a. knowing little: -tva,
n. abst. ɴ.; -tara, cpv.
quite small; -tâ, f., -tva, n. smallness, insignificance; shortness;
-tegas, a.
of little energy; -dhana, a. of small means, poor; -dhî, a. of small wit,
foolish.
अल्प álpa small,
little, short, trifling, insignificant, feeble; n. a little:
-m, ad. slightly; in., ab. easily, quickly; -ká, a. (ikâ)
id.; m. wretched wight; n. a little: -m, ad. slightly;
-kârya, a. insignificant; -kâla-tva, n. shortness of time;
-gña, a. knowing little: -tva, n. abst. n.; -tara, cpv.
quite small; -tâ, f., -tva, n. smallness, insignificance;
shortness; -tegas, a. of little energy; -dhana, a. of small
means, poor; -dhî, a. of small wit, foolish.
p029c1-b31/ p030
• अल्पपरीवार [ alpa-parîvâra ]
- a. of slender retinue; -pâyin, a. sucking badly (leeches);
-punya, a.
whose good works are few;
-prabhâva, a. insignificant; -bala, n. small force;
-bala-prâna, a. weak and
short-winded; -buddha, pp. only just awakened; -buddhi, a. of mean intellect;
-bhâgya,
a. luckless: -tva, n. abst. ɴ.; -bhuga‿antara,
a. narrow-chested; -medhas, a. of
small wit.
अल्पपरीवार
alpa-parîvâra of slender retinue; -pâyin, a. sucking badly
(leeches); -punya, a. whose good works are few; -pra- bhâva,
a. insignificant; -bala, n. small force; -bala-prâna, a.
weak and short-winded; -buddha, pp. only just awakened;
-buddhi, a. of mean intellect; -bhâgya, a. luckless: -tva,
n. abst. n.; -bhuga̮antara, a. narrow-chested; -medhas, a.
of small wit.
p029c2-b01/ p030
• अल्पय [ alpa-ya ]
- den. P. lessen, depreciate.
अल्पय alpa-ya P.
lessen, depreciate.
p029c2-b02/ p030
• अल्पविद्य [ alpa-vidya ]
- a. of little learning; -vishaya, a. of small extent, limited.
अल्पविद्य
alpa-vidya of little learning; -vishaya, a. of small extent,
limited.
p029c2-b03/ p030
• अल्पशक्ति [ alpa-sakti ]
- a. weak; -sás, ad. slightly, to a small extent; rarely;
-sesha, a.
having little wanting; almost completed; -sattva, a. of little courage,
cowardly; -sâra, a. weak; worthless; insignificant; -snâyu,
a. having few
sinews; -svara, a. weak-voiced, quiet.
अल्पशक्ति alpa-sakti
weak; -sás, ad. slightly, to a small extent; rarely; -sesha,
a. having little wanting; almost completed; -sattva, a. of
little courage, cowardly; -sâra, a. weak; worthless;
insignificant; -snâyu, a. having few sinews; -svara, a.
weak-voiced, quiet.
p029c2-b04/ p030
• अल्पाङ्ग [ alpa‿aṅga ]
- a. small-bodied: -tva, n. abst. ɴ.; -‿âyus,
a. short-lived; -‿alpa, a.
little by little, moderate: -bhâs, a. of very slight lustre; -‿avasishta,
pp.
little left: -tva, n. condition of little being left.
अल्पाङ्ग
alpa̮aṅga small-bodied: -tva, n. abst. n.; -̮âyus, a.
short-lived; -̮alpa, a. little by little, moderate: -bhâs,
a. of very slight lustre; -̮avasishta, pp. little left:
-tva, n. condition of little being left.
p029c2-b05
• [alpî-bhû]
- be diminished
p029c2-b06/ p030
• अल्पीयस् [ alp-îyas ]
- cpv. smaller; very small.
अल्पीयस्
alp-îyas smaller; very small.
p029c2-b07/ p030
• अल्पेच्छु [ alpa‿ikkhu ]
- a. of moderate wishes; -‿itara, a. great, considerable:
-tva, n. -ness.
अल्पेच्छु alpa̮ikkhu
of moderate wishes; -̮itara, a. great, considerable: -tva,
n. -ness.
UKT: p029c2-b08, [av] or {aw}, belongs to another file, and it and others following it have been moved to the next file.
(end of old p029-1.htm)
{a.wa.}
UKT 150403:
{a.loän:a.wa.} 'entire, whole'. The first-member is
{a.loän:} 'ball, sphere', from which we may extend the meaning of
p029c2-b08/ not online
• अव् [av], i.p.
áva , urge; favour, help; comfort,
satisfy; protect; like. upa ,
assent, agree. pra = simple verb
p029c2-b09/ p030
• अव [ 1. áva ]
- verbal and nominal prefix off; down; prp. w. ab. down from.
अव 1. áva off;
down; prp. w. ab. down from.
p029c2-b10/ p030
• अव [ 2. áv-a ]
Skt: अव [ 2. áv-a ]
- m. favour, grace. - Mac029c2
अव 2. áv-a
favour, grace.
BPal:
{a.wa.}
-- UHS-PMD0130
UKT from UHS: prefix. for downward, incomparable,
oppression, knowing, purity, decision, region, stealing, etc.
UKT 140804: the prefix seems to take on diverse meanings depending on its
following word.
p029c2-b11/ p030
• अवंश [ a-vamsa ]
- m. mean descent.
अवंश a-vamsa
mean descent.
{a.wa.ka.}
p029c2-b12/ p030
• अवकर [ ava-kara ]
- m. sweepings; -kûta, m. n. dust-heap.
अवकर ava-kara
sweepings; -kûta, m. n. dust-heap.
p029c2-b13/ p030
• अवकर्णय [ ava-karna-ya ]
- den. P. not listen to, set at nought.
अवकर्णय ava-karna-ya
P. not listen to, set at nought.
p029c2-b14/ p030
• अवकर्त
avakarta [ ava-kart-a ]
= अ व क र ् त
Skt: अवकर्त
[ava-kart-a ]
- m. chip;
-ana, n. cutting off;
-in, a. cutting off (--°). -- Mac029c2
अवकर्त
ava-kart-a chip; -ana, n. cutting off; -in, a. cutting off
(--°).
BPal:
{a.kat~ta.} - UHS-PMD0130
UKT from UHS: mfn. cutting up
p029c2-b15/ p030
• अवकाश [ ava-kâsá ]
- m. space, room; opportunity; interval; access: -m dâ, make room; grant
admittance (to, d., g.); -da, a. harbouring; m. receiver of stolen goods;
-vat,
a. roomy, spacious.
अवकाश ava-kâsá
space, room; opportunity; interval; access: -m dâ, make
room; grant admittance (to, d., g.); -da, a. harbouring; m.
receiver of stolen goods; -vat, a. roomy, spacious.
p029c2-b16/ p030
• अवकीर्णिन् [ ava-kîrnin ]
- a. having broken his vow of chastity; -kesá, a. having pendent hair; -kotaka,
m. crane (Ardea nivea).
अवकीर्णिन्
ava-kîrnin having broken his vow of chastity; -kesá,
a. having pendent hair; -kotaka, m. crane (ardea nivea).
UKT 140803: The water-bird Ardea nivea , is a bird of Ardea genus. There are many kinds of water-birds catching fish in paddy-fields in the Kungyangon area where I was born. They are all
{byeing:} to us, and they are noted for their long legs. See MED2006-317 for dictionary definitions
p029c2-b17/ p030
• अवक्रग [ a-vakra-ga ]
- a. going straight.
अवक्रग
a-vakra-ga going straight.
p029c2-b18/ p030
• अवक्रय [ ava-kraya ]
- m. letting, leasing.
अवक्रय ava-kraya
letting, leasing.
{a.wa.ksa.} : Pseudo Kha
p029c2-b19/ p030
• अवक्षेप [ ava-kshepa ]
- m. derision, mockery; -na, n. throwing down; mockery.
अवक्षेप
ava-kshepa derision, mockery; -na, n. throwing down;
mockery.
{a.wa.hka.}
: Regular Kha
p029c2-b20/ p030
• अवखण्डन [ ava-khandana ]
- n. splitting, dismembering; -khâdá, m. consumption; consumer.
अवखण्डन ava-khandana
splitting, dismembering; -khâdá, m. consumption; consumer.
{a.wa.ga.}
• अवगति avagati [ ava-gati ]
- f. understanding,
apprehension; -kkheda-ka, a. determining, distinguishing;
-dhâra&ntod;a, n. restriction; emphasis on preceding
word.
अवगति ava-gati
understanding, apprehension; -kkheda-ka, a. determining,
distinguishing; -dhâraṇa, n. restriction; emphasis on
preceding word.
p029c2-b21/ p030
• अवगन्तव्य [ ava-gantavya ]
- fp. to be understood; to be concluded from (ab.); -gantri,
m. one who
understands; -gama, m., -na, n. understanding, cognizance, ascertainment;
-gâha,
m. immersion; washing; bathing: -na, n. id.; -gâhin,
a. reaching to; engaging in
(--°); -gunthana, n. veiling; veil: -vat, a. veiled;
-gûrana, n. roaring,
raging; -graha, m. hindrance; obstacle; drought; division of a word; pause, mark
of elision (gr.); -grâha, m. drought; -grâham, abs. separating the words;
-grâhin,
a. separating; -gharshana, n. rubbing off; -ghâta,
m. blow; unhusking by
pounding.
अवगन्तव्य
ava-gantavya to be understood; to be concluded from (ab.);
-gantri, m. one who understands; -gama, m., -na, n.
understanding, cognizance, ascertainment; -gâha, m.
immersion; washing; bathing: -na, n. id.; -gâhin, a.
reaching to; engaging in (--°); -gunthana, n. veiling; veil:
-vat, a. veiled; -gûrana, n. roaring, raging; -graha, m.
hindrance; obstacle; drought; division of a word; pause,
mark of elision (gr.); -grâha, m. drought; -grâham, abs.
separating the words; -grâhin, a. separating; -gharsha- na,
n. rubbing off; -ghâta, m. blow; unhusking by pounding.
© अवग्रह
«avagraha»
= अ व ग ् र ह -->
{a.wa.g~ra.ha.}
Skt:
[-graha] - m. hindrance;
obstacle; drought; division of a
word; pause, mark of elision (gr.)
-- Mac029c2
BPal:
{a.wag~ga.ha.} - UHS-PMD0131
UKT from UHS: m. to obstruct
UKT 140803: The above Skt-Dev word अवग्रह «avagraha» is a compound of
{g~ra.ha.}. The second word
{grah} 'planet' or "catcher" which can capture a certain period in a person's life. See UTM-PDMD043.
See my note on Avagraha अवग्रह «avagraha» ऽ
Orphan
• अवगति avagati [ ava-gati ]
- f. understanding,
apprehension; -kkheda-ka, a. determining, distinguishing;
-dhâra&ntod;a, n. restriction; emphasis on preceding
word.
{a.wa.sa.}
p029c2-b22/ p030
• अवचन [ a-vakana ]
- a. speechless; -kara, a. not following --, disregarding advice.
अवचन a-vakana
speechless; -kara, a. not following --, disregarding advice.
p029c3-b00/ p030
• अवचनीय [ a-vakanîya ]
- fp. not to be said.
अवचनीय a-vakanîya
not to be said.
p029c3-b01/ p030
• अवचय ava-kaya, ˚चाय [ -kâya ]
- m. plucking, gathering; -kâyin, a. plucking, gathering;
-kârana, n.
treatment, application:
अवचय -kâya
plucking, gathering; -kâyin, a. plucking, gathering;
-kârana, n. treatment, application: î-ya, fp. applicable;
-kikîshâ, f. desire to pluck; -kû- da, m. pendent tuft;
-kûla, m. id.
p029c3-b02/ p030
• अवच्छेद [ ava-kkheda ]
- m. piece cut off; section; distinction; -gaya, m. conquest;
-gñâ, f.
contempt, disrespect, disparagement (of, g., lc.): in. with perfect
indifference; -gñâna, n. id.; -gñeya, fp. to be despised.
अवच्छेद ava-kkheda
piece cut off; section; distinction; -gaya, m. conquest;
-gñâ, f. contempt, disrespect, disparagement (of, g., lc.):
in. with perfect indifference; -gñâna, n. id.; -gñeya, fp.
to be despised.
{a.wa.ña.} :
{ña.}
ञ, as part of conjunct
{ñ~sa.} ञ्च
p029c3-b03/ p030
• अवञ्चनता
[ a-vañkana-tâ ]
= अ व ञ ् च न त ा =
अ व ञ्च न त ा
- f. honesty.
अवञ्चनता a-vañkana-tâ
honesty.
{a.wa.Ta.}
p029c3-b04/ not online
• अवट [ ava-tá ]
- m. pit; cavity.
p029c3-b05/ not online
• अवटुज [ avatu-ga ]
- m. pl. hair on the neck.
( end of old p029-2.htm)
{a.wa.ta.}
UKT 131204, 140806, 160929: The Eng-Latin vowel <u> can have two pronunciations /ʌ/ or /ʊ/ as the peak vowel. See Daniel Jones Pronouncing Dictionary, DJPD16-555 - let-u.htm (link chk 160929) . I have noted that one of the first problem faced by a Myanmar ESL learner is pronouncing the letters [ut] in <put> /pʊt/ and <but> /bʌt/. The corresponding sounds in Bur-Myan are
{ut} /ʊt/ and
{ût} /ʌt/. See my note on the problem of English vowel <u>
p029c3-b06/ p030
• अवत् [ áv-at ]
= अ व त ् -->
{a.wut}
- pr. pt. friendly; m. N.
अवत् áv-at
friendly; m. N.
p029c3-b07/ p030
• अवत [ ava-tá ]
- m. well.
अवत ava-tá well.
p029c3-b08/ p030
• अवतंस ava-tamsa, ˚क [ -ka ]
- m. n. wreath, diadem; ring-shaped ornament; -nîya, fp. to be made into
a wreath.
अवतंस -ka
wreath, diadem; ring-shaped ornament; -nîya, fp. to be made
into a wreath.
p029c3-b09/ p030
• अवतंसय [ ava-tamsa-ya ]
- den. P. make into a wreath.
अवतंसय ava-tamsa-ya
P. make into a wreath.
p029c3-b10/ p030
• अवतंसिनी [ avatams-inî ]
- f. woman wearing a wreath.
अवतंसिनी avatams-inî
woman wearing a wreath.
p029c3-b11
• [avatamî-kri ]
- use as a wreath
p029c3-b12/ p030
• अवतमस
[ ava-tamasa ]
- n. decreasing darkness.
अवतमस ava-tamasa
decreasing darkness.
p029c3-b13/ p030
• अवतरण
[ ava-tar-ana ]
- n. coming down, descent:
-maṅgala, n. solemn
welcome; -itavya, fp. n.
one must descend; -târa, m.
descent (esp. of gods to earth); incarnation;
manifestation: -na, n. causing
to descend; laying aside, -mantra,
m. spell causing one to descend from
the air; -târin, a. appearing,
entering; -titîrshu, a. wishing
to descend.
अवतरण ava-tar-ana
coming down, descent: -maṅgala, n. solemn welcome; -itavya,
fp. n. one must descend; -târa, m. descent (esp. of gods to
earth); incarnation; manifestation: -na, n. causing to
descend; laying aside, -mantra, m. spell causing one to
descend from the air; -târin, a. appearing, entering; -titîrshu,
a. wishing to descend.
© अवतार
«avatāra»
Skt: [-târa] - m. descent
(esp. of gods to earth); incarnation;
manifestation -- Mac029c3
Skt: अवतार
«avatāra» - m.
appearance of any deity upon earth --
SpkSkt
BPal:
{a.wa.ta-ra.} - UHS-PMD0133
UKT from UHS: m. insertion,
descent, water-front
UKT 160929: A devotee of lord Krishna, Stephen Knapp (Sri Nandanandana dasa)
http://www.stephen-knapp.com/were_there_two_buddhas.htm 160929
"... there was first the Avatara Buddha, the incarnation of Lord Vishnu who appeared near 1800 BCE, and then there was another person who became known as Gautama called Buddha, born around 560 BCE." UKT: It seems Stephen Knapp is referring to Zoroaster (fl. between 1700 and 1300 BCE) was the founder of Zoroastrianism https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoroastrianism 151018, 160929
p029c3-b14/ p030
• अवत्त [ áva-tta ]
- pp. √dâ (dyati).
अवत्त áva-tta √dâ
(dyati).
p029c3-b15/ p030
• अवत्तिन् [ avattin ]
- a. dividing into (--, e.g. four) parts (--°).
अवत्तिन् avattin
dividing into (--, e. g. four) parts (--°).
p029c3-b16/ p030
• अवत्सा [ a-vatsâ ]
- f. cow that has lost her calf.
अवत्सा a-vatsâ
cow that has lost her calf.
{a.wa.da.}
p029c3-b17/ p030
• अवदात [ ava-dâta ]
- pp. pure, white, clear: -tâ, f. whiteness; -dâna,
n. heroic deed; -dâra, m. breach: -na, n. a. rending; bursting.
अवदात ava-dâta
pure, white, clear: -tâ, f. whiteness; -dâna, n. heroic
deed; -dâra, m. breach: -na, n. a. rending; bursting.
p029c3-b18/ p030
• अवदावद [ a-vadâvada ]
- a. undisputed.
अवदावद a-vadâvada
undisputed.
p029c3-b19/ p030
• अवदोल [ ava-dola ]
- m. swinging, rocking.
अवदोल ava-dola
swinging, rocking.
p029c3-b20/ p030
• अवद्य [ a-vad-yá ]
= अ व द ् य
- fp. blameworthy; n. fault; abuse; blame; disgrace.
अवद्य a-vad-yá
blameworthy; n. fault; abuse; blame; disgrace.
{a.wa.Da.}
p029c3-b21/ p030
• अवध [ a-vadha ]
- m. no murder; no beating.
अवध a-vadha no
murder; no beating.
p029c3-b22/ p030
• अवधान [ ava-dhâna ]
- n. attention, devotion; -dhârana, n. affirmation; restriction; singling out:
î-ya, fp. to be looked upon as settled; to be restricted to (in.);
-dhârya,
fp. to be ascertained; -dhí, m. limit; terminus ad quem; respite: --°, ad.
up to, till (g.).
अवधान ava-dhâna attention, devotion; -dhârana, n. affirmation; restriction; singling out: î-ya, fp. to be looked upon as settled; to be restricted to (in.); -dhârya, fp. to be ascertained; -dhí, m. limit; terminus ad quem; respite: --°, ad. up to, till (g.).
p029c3-b23
• [avadhî-kri ]
- fix a limit or date
p029c3-b24/ p030
• अवधीरण [ ava-dhîrana ]
- n., â, f. refusal; disdain.
अवधीरण ava-dhîrana
refusal; disdain.
p029c3-b25/ p030
• अवधीरय [ ava-dhîra-ya ]
- den. P. refuse, disdain, neglect; surpass. sam, disregard: pp.
ita,
disregarded, slighted, unheeded.
अवधीरय
ava-dhîra-ya P. refuse, disdain, neglect; surpass. sam,
disregard: pp. ita, disregarded, slighted, unheeded.
p029c3-b26/ p030
• अवधीरिन् [ ava-dhîrin ]
- a. surpassing (--°).
अवधीरिन्
ava-dhîrin surpassing (--°).
p029c3-b27/ p030
• अवध्य [ a-vadh-yá ]
- fp. inviolable: -vyavasâya-vâhya, a. foreign to the resolve that no
thing should be killed; -tâ, f. inviolableness; -tva, n.,
-bhâva, m. id.
अवध्य a-vadh-yá
inviolable: -vyavasâya-vâhya, a. foreign to the resolve that
nothing should be killed; -tâ, f. inviolableness; -tva, n.,
-bhâva, m. id.
p029c3-b28/ p030
• अवध्र [ a-vadhrá ]
- a. indestructible.
अवध्र a-vadhrá
indestructible.
-- UKT 131029
Studying BEPS, has certainly deflated my ego. I had thought I know Bur-Myan and Eng-Lat quite well. I am finding out time after time, that what I knew was just a scratch on the surface. Bur-Myan writes without white spaces which is very difficult to read for a foreigner. Pal-Myan is worse for I did not know much of the language. Now comes Skt-Dev with its own set of symbols. Avagraha is one of those. It seems that the Indic languages which all write without white spaces has Avagrahas. Do we have one for Burmese, Pali and Mon - the languages that write in Myanmar script? I still have to find out.
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avagraha 120705, 131029
Avagraha (Dev: अवग्रह avagraha) ऽ is a Devanāgarī symbol used to indicate prodelision of an अ a. [UKT ¶]
Definition of Prodelision :
-- elision of the initial vowel of a word
<Latin bonum'st for bonum est is an example of prodelision >
-- http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prodelision 120705
It is usually transliterated with an apostrophe, as in the Sanskrit philosophical expression शिवो ऽहम् Śivo ’ham (Śivaḥ aham without sandhi) ‘I am Shiva’. [UKT ¶]
The avagraha is also used for prolonging vowel sounds in modern languages, for example Hindi माँऽऽऽ! for ‘Mãããã!’ when calling to one’s mother. Sometimes it is also used to signify long or heavy syllables in metrical poetry, for example can the syllables in the word छंदः chandaḥ ‘metre’ (in nominative) be expressed as ऽ ऽ , as two long syllables.
UKT: End of Wiki stub
Go back Avagraha-note-b
- UKT 131204, 140803, 160929
When the English <w> & <t>
are close together as in
{a.wut} we have a pronouncing problem.
Is the vowel /ʌ/ or /ʊ/ ? The
corresponding sounds in Bur-Myan are
{ut} /ʊt/ and
{ût} /ʌt/. The problem is accentuated in
{a-wut} which we will meet in
p043-1.htm (link chk 160929) .
What do the ancient grammarians (who were
really phoneticians) who were dealing
with Pali and Sanskrit, such as Panini
and Shin Kicsi
{shín kic~sæÑ:} (aka Kaccayano)
had to say? They were contemporaries of
the Gautama Buddha. Panini was a Sanskrit
scholar whilst Shin Kicsi
{shín kic~sæÑ:} was on Pali. If you
cannot pronounce the latter's name,
don't worry. I have used his name as
is known to Burmese Buddhist monks
who are Tib-Bur speakers.
Panini by religion was a Brahmana-Hindu
(an Atta-wardi) and Shin Kicsi
{shín kic~sæÑ:} {an Anatta-wardi) was
a Buddhist praised by Gautama Buddha
himself. The Buddha made a ruling to be
followed by his monks in passing on
his teachings.
anujānāmi bhikkhave sakāya niruttiyā buddhavacanam pariyāpunitum -- Gautama Buddha
In essence, the Buddha allowed his monks to preach so that the listener would know the ideas. He was not concerned with the correct pronunciation of the words. Since Sanskrit placed a heavy reliance on the pronunciation, he condemned the effort by some of his monks to use Sanskrit just for the sake of proper pronunciation.
It is noteworthy that Gautama Buddha, being born in an area of Tib-Bur (Tibeto-Burman) languages, and not being a Brahmin, had condemned the Sanskrit language (IE or Indo-European) as the language of a heretical religion. See Language Problem of Primitive Buddhism, by by Chi Hisen-lin, Journal of the Burma Research Society, XLIII, i, June 1960 [current spelling: Ji Xianlin ] - lang-probl.htm (link chk 160929) . Note: Chi Hisen-lin aka Ji Xianlin (季羡林; August 6, 1911 – July 11, 2009) was a prominent Chinese Indologist Sanskrit scholar based in Peking University.
Yet, the Buddha accepted the work of ancient Vedic Rishis, because of which I contend that ancient Vedic language was a Tib-Bur language. The IE speakers, after conquering the Tib-Bur speakers by force of arms, had taken over religion of the conquered, placing their own gods - the Mahabrahma, Vishnu and Shiva - over the major gods of the Vedic such as Indra, Agni, and Soma. I came to this conclusion after noting that there were many more hymns to Indra, Agni, and Soma compared to those to Mahabrahma, Vishnu and Shiva.
From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigvedic_deities 131204
(Note to TIL editor: leave the Wiki links for future work)List of Rigvedic deities by number of dedicated hymns, after Griffith (1888). Some dedications are to paired deities, such as Indra-Agni, Mitra-Varuna, Soma-Rudra, here counted doubly.
Indra 289, Agni 218, Soma 123 (most of them in the Soma Mandala)
Vishvadevas 70, the Asvins 56, Varuna 46 [2] , the Maruts 38
Mitra 28 [2] , Ushas 21, Vayu (Wind) 12, Savitr 11, the Rbhus 11, Pushan 10
the Apris 9 , Brhaspati 8 , Surya (Sun) 8 ,
Dyaus and Prithivi (Heaven and Earth) 6, plus 5.84 dedicated to Earth alone
Apas (Waters) 6 , Adityas 6 , Vishnu 6 , Brahmanaspati 6 , Rudra 5
Dadhikras 4 , the Sarasvati River / Sarasvati 3
Yama , Parjanya (Rain) 3
Vāc (Speech) 2 (mentioned 130 times, deified e.g. in 10.125)
Vastospati 2 , Vishvakarman 2 , Manyu 2
Kapinjala (the Heathcock, a form of Indra) 2Minor deities (one single or no dedicated hymn)
Manas (Thought), prominent concept, deified in 10.58
Dakshina (Reward for priests and poets), prominent concept, deified in 10.107
Jnanam (Knowledge), prominent concept, deified in 10.71
Purusha ("Cosmic Man" of the Purusha sukta 10.90)
Aditi , Bhaga , Vasukra , Atri , Apam Napat , Ksetrapati , Ghrta, Nirrti , Asamati ,
Urvasi , Pururavas , Vena , Aranyani , Mayabheda , Tarksya , Tvastar , Saranyu
The Hindu Brahmin-Poannar
{braah~ma.Na. poaN~Na:} - the IE speakers -
married their gods to the
mother-goddesses: Mahabrahma to Saraswati,
Vishnu to Lakshmi, and Parvatti to Shiva.
They rewrote many ancient stories in
support of their claims.
Go back English-u-note-b
End of TIL file
