p142.htm
• A Practical Sanskrikt Dictionary,
by A. A. Macdonell, 1893,
http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MDScan/index.php?sfx=jpg;
1929.
-
Nataraj ed., 1st in 2006, 2012.
-
https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/macdonell/ 190516
• The Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and
Dictionary, BHS, vol.2, by F. Edgerton,
pp. 627.
-
FEdgerton-BHSD<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link chk 180627)
• The Student's Pali English dictionary ,
by U Pe Maung Tin, 1920.
- (ref: UPMT-PEDxxx).
Downloaded copies in TIL
HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries:
-
UPMT-PaliDict1920<Ô> /
bkp<Ô> (link chk 190113)
• Pali-Myanmar Dictionary
(in Pal-Myan), by U Hoke Sein,
- (ref: UHS-PMD). The dictionary in printed form is in TIL Research Library.
• Latin-English Vocabulary II, by Hans H Ørberg, 1998
-
HHOrberg-LinguaLatina<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link
chk 190624)
Edited by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA),
Daw Khin Wutyi, Daw Thuzar Myint, Daw Zinthiri Han
and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL).
Not for sale. No copyright. Free for everyone.
Prepared for students and staff of TIL
Research Station, Yangon, MYANMAR
-
http://www.tuninst.net ,
www.romabama.blogspot.com
MC-indx.htm |
Top
MCpp-indx.htm
{ni.ra.}
p141c3-b11
p142-c1
{nir} : repha and more of
{ni.ra.}
{ni.ra}
p142-c2
{ni.ri.}
{ni.ri}
{ni.ru.} :
{ni.roak~ta.} (no repha)
p142-c3
{ni.rau:}
{nir~ga.}
{nir~Na.}
Extraction ©
Macdonell has collected the compounds according to their headings. For those with many entries, he divides them into sub-groups to save space.
See how I extract a particular entry -- tentatively marked © -- from such a subgroup , e.g. [ -ukti ] from निरुक्त nirukta [ nir-ukta ] . I have to check the accuracy of picking -- based on meaning -- with the entry in Monier-Williams (p553 col3). Furthermore I use a reliable Skt dictionary to give me the Skt-Dev orthography. -- UKT120607
UKT notes :
• Nighaṇṭu & Nirukta
Gautama Buddha: " anujānāmi bhikkhave sakāya niruttiyā
buddhavacanam pariyāpunitum
" "I permit you, O Monks, to learn the word
of the Buddha in his own language."
• Nirṛti & Nirṛta - goddess and god of
death
• Nirodha-samāpatti
{ni.ra.}
p141c3-b11/ p088
• निरप nirapa [ nir-apa ]
-- a. waterless; -apatya, a. childless;
-apatrapa, a. shameless; -aparâ dha,
a. harmless, innocent; -apavâda, a. blameless;
subject to no exception; -apâya, a. imperishable;
unfailing; unharmed, safe; -apâyin, a. imperishable;
-apeksha, a. regardless of, indifferent to (lc. or
--°); caring ( end p141c3 )
( p142c1-top
)
निरप nir-apa
waterless; -apatya, a. childless; -apatrapa, a. shameless;
-aparâdha, a. harmless, innocent; -apavâda, a. blameless;
subject to no exception; -apâya, a. imperishable; unfailing;
unharmed, safe; -apâyin, a. imperishable; -apeksha, a.
regardless of, indifferent to (lc. or --°); caring for
nothing, indifferent to worldly objects; independent of
(--°): -m, ad. without having any regard, without troubling
about a thing, -ka, a. independent, -tâ, f. regardlessness;
indifference towards (lc.), -tva, n. indifference;
independence; -apekshâ, f. indifference towards (lc.);
-apekshita, pp. disregarded; regardless of (--°);
indifferent towards (lc.); -apekshya, fp. not to be troubled
about.
for nothing, indifferent to worldly
objects; independent of (--°): -m, ad. without having any
regard, without troubling about a thing, -ka, a.
independent, -tâ, f. regardlessness; indifference towards
(lc.), -tva, n. indifference; independence;
-apekshâ, f. indifference towards (lc.);
-apekshita, pp. disrearded; regardless of (--°); indifferent
towards (lc.); -apekshya, fp. not to be troubled about.
p142c1-b01/ p088
• निरभिप्राय
nirabhipraya [ nir-abhi-prâya ]
-- a. aimless; -bha va, a. not degrading or humiliating;
-mâna, a. free from pride; -lapya, a. unspeakable;
-lâsha, a. free from desire for, regardless of (--°);
-samdhin, a. disinterested.
निरभिप्राय
nir-abhi-prâya aimless; -bhava, a. not degrading or
humiliating; -mâna, a. free from pride; -lapya, a.
unspeakable; -lâsha, a. free from desire for, regardless of
(--°); -samdhin, a. disinterested.
p142c1-b02/ p088
• निरभ्र
nirabhra [ nir-abhra ]
-- a. cloudless; -amarsha, a. apathetic;
-ambara, a. unclothed, naked.
निरभ्र nir-abhra
cloudless; -amarsha, a. apathetic; -ambara, a. unclothed,
naked.
p142c1-b03/ p088
• निरय
niraya [ nir-aya ]
-- m. (departure from
life), hell.
निरय nir-aya
(departure from life), hell.
{nir} : repha
p142c1-b04/ p088
• निरर्गल
nirargala [ nir-argala ]
-- a. unchecked, undisturbed, free, irresistible.
निरर्गल
nir-argala unchecked, undisturbed, free, irresistible.
p142c1-b05/ p088
• निरर्थ
nirartha [ nir-artha ]
a. useless; poor; unmeaning, senseless: -ka,
a. failing of one's purpose, futile, unprofitable, useless;
senseless, unmeaning: -m, ad. in vain; n. senseless objection;
-ka-tva, n. futility; -tâ, f. senselessness.
निरर्थ nir-artha
useless; poor; unmeaning, senseless: -ka, a. failing of
one's purpose, futile, unprofitable, useless; senseless,
unmeaning: -m, ad. in vain; n. senseless objection; -ka-tva,
n. futility; -tâ, f. senselessness.
p142c1-b06/ p088
• निरवकाश
niravakasa [ nir-avakâsa ]
-- a. having no space; -place or scope; inopportune:
-tâ, f. abst. ɴ.
निरवकाश
nir-avakâsa having no space; -- place or scope;
inopportune: -tâ, f. abst. n.
p142c1-b07/ not online
• [niravakâsî-kri]
-- remove from its place
p142c1-b08/ p088
• निरवग्रह
niravagraha [ nir-avagraha ]
-- a. unrestrained, uncontrolled, free, independent.
निरवग्रह
nir-avagraha unrestrained, uncontrolled, free, independent.
p142c1-b09/ p088
• निरवद्य
niravadya [ nir-avadya ]
-- fp. blameless.
निरवद्य
nir-avadya blameless.
p142c1-b10/ p088
• निरवधि
niravadhi [ nir-avadhi ]
a. boundless, unlimited; perpetual, endless: -ka, a. unlimited;
-avayava, a. indivisible: -tva, n. -ness; -ava
lamba, a. affording no support; unsupported, destitute of support;
-avalambana, n. ownerless (wealth); not to be met with
in any one; -avasesha, a. leaving no remnant;
complete, whole: in., -tas, altogether, wholly; -ava sâda,
a. cheerful.
निरवधि
nir-avadhi boundless, unlimited; perpetual, endless: -ka, a.
unlimited; -avayava, a. indivisible: -tva, n. -ness;
-avalamba, a. affording no support; unsupported, destitute
of support; -avalambana, n. ownerless (wealth); not to be
met with in any one; -avasesha, a. leaving no remnant;
complete, whole: in., -tas, altogether, wholly; -avasâda, a.
cheerful.
p142c1-b11/ p088
• निरशन
nirasana [ nir-asana ]
-- a. abstaining from food; -asva,
a. horseless.
निरशन nir-asana
abstaining from food; -asva, a. horseless.
p142c1-b12/ p088
• निरसन
nirasana [ nir-asana ]
-- a. (î) casting out; n. driving away, expulsion;
removal, abandonment, rejection: î-ya,
fp. to be expelled from (ab.); -asta,
pp. of √as, throw; -astra, a. unarmed;
-asya, fp. deserving expulsion.
निरसन nir-asana
(î) casting out; n. driving away, expulsion; removal,
abandonment, rejection: î-ya, fp. to be expelled from (ab.);
-asta, pp. of √as, throw; -astra, a. unarmed; -asya, fp.
deserving expulsion.
p142c1-b13/ p088
• निरहंकार
nirahankara [ nir-aham-kâra ]
-- a. free from egoism; -kârin, a. free from consciousness of self;
-krita, pp. impersonal; unselfish; unpretentious;
-kriti, a. free from egoism; -kriya,
a. impersonal; -kriyâ, f. freedom from egoism.
निरहंकार nir-aham-kâra
free from egoism; -kârin, a. free from consciousness of
self; -krita, pp. impersonal; unselfish; unpretentious;
-kriti, a. free from egoism; -kriya, a. impersonal; -kriyâ,
f. freedom from egoism.
{ni.ra}
p142c1-b14/ p088
• निराकरण
nirakarana [ nir-âkarana ]
-- n.
expulsion; repudiation of a wife; removal; disproval;
-âkaranîya, fp. to be disproved; -âkari
shnu, a. repudiating (ac.); seeking to remove
from (ab.); forgetful; -âkartavya, fp. to be disproved;
-âkartri, m. contemner of (g.); a. disproving;
-âkâṅksha, a. expecting nothing; having no desires;
requiring no supplement; -âkâra, a. formless, bodiless; having no
object, vacant; -âkula, a. not crowded, unfrequented; not
confused, orderly; unconcerned, calm; -â kriti, a.
formless; neglecting one's religious duties; -âkranda, a.
unprotected; affording no protection; m. or n. unsheltered place;
-âkri yâ, f. expulsion; disproval; -âgas, a.
guiltless; -âgraha, a. not obstinately insisting on any
thing; -âkikîrshu, des. a. wishing to refute
any one (ac.); -âgîvya, a. affording no
livelihood; -âdambara, ad. without much talk
(°--); -âtaṅka, a. free from ailment or
anxiety;
causing no ailment or anxiety; -â-tapa, (
p142c2-top
)
(
end p142c1 )
a.
sheltered from the heat of the sun, shady; -âtapatra, a. destitute
of an umbrella; -âtithya, n. inhospitable (forest);
-âdara, a. showing no respect towards (lc.); -âdhi,
a. free from care; -ânanda, a. joyless, sad; -ântra,
a. disembowelled; -âpad, a. free from adversity;
-âbâdha, a. undisturbed; harm less; frivolous, futile;
-âmaya, m. health, welfare; a. healthy, well; salubrious;
in fallible; -âmarsha, a. putting up with every thing, apathetic;
-âmisha, a. fleshless; hav ing no sensual desires:
-‿âsin, a. not eating flesh, not carnivorous;
-âyata-tva, n. lack of extension, shortness; -âyati,
a. having no future; -âyâsa, a. involving no trouble;
causing no fatigue; -âyudha, a. unarmed; -ârambha,
a. unenterprising, inactive; -â lamba, a. having no
support; suspended in the air; self-supported, isolated, affording no support;
-âlâpa, a. not talking; -âloka, a. devoid of light,
dark; blind, foolish; -âvar ana, a. uncovered,
manifest; -âsa, a. having given up all hope
or expectation, despairing (of, ac. with prati, d., ab., lc.,
or --°): -kara, a. taking away all hope of, rendering
impos sible, -tva, n. hopelessness;
-âsaṅka, a. fear less; not afraid of
(lc.); -âsaṅkya, fp. not to be
feared; -âsâ, f. renunciation of all hopes:
-‿âsanna, pp. verging on despair;
-âsitva, n. despair; -âsin,
a. having renounced all hope, hopeless; -âsis,
a. having no desires or hopes; -âsî-bhû, lose
all hope; -âsrama, a. being in none of the
four stages of a Brâh man: -pada, a. having no hermitages
(forest); -âsramin, a. id.;
-âsraya, a. shelterless, un supported; independent;
unprotected; -âsa, m. expulsion, exclusion, rejection,
repudiation; -âstha, a. taking no interest in, not caring about
(--°); -âhâra, m. fasting; a. abstaining from food,
having nothing to eat: -tâ, f. abst. ɴ.
{ni.ri.}
p142c2-b01/ p088
• निरिन्द्रिय
nirindriya [ nír-indriya ]
-- a. impotent; barren; frail.
निरिन्द्रिय
nír-indriya impotent; barren; frail.
{ni.ri}
p142c2-b02/ p088
• निरीक्षक
niriksaka [ nir-îksh-aka ]
-- a. seeing, beholding; intending to see (--°);
-ana, a. looking at (--°); n. regarding;
inspection, contemplation; look.
निरीक्षक
nir-îksh-aka seeing, beholding; intending to see (--°);
-ana, a. looking at (--°); n. regarding; inspection,
contemplation; look.
p142c2-b03/ p088
• निरीति
niriti [ nir-îti ]
-- a. not afflicted with calamities; -îha,
a. motionless; inactive; indifferent to all things:
-tâ, f. indifference, absence of desire to get
anything.
निरीति nir-îti
not afflicted with calamities; -îha, a. motionless;
inactive; indifferent to all things: -tâ, f. indifference,
absence of desire to get anything.
{ni.ru.}
See how I pick out a particular entry, tentatively marked with ©, from such a subgroup , e.g. [ -ukti ] from निरुक्त nirukta [ nir-ukta ] . I have to check the accuracy of picking with the entry in Monier-Williams (p553 col3). -- UKT120607
p142c2-b04/ p088
• निरुक्त
nirukta [ nir-ukta ]
{ni.roak~ta.}
= न ि र ु क ् त
-- pp. √vak; n. explanation; etymological interpretation;
esp. T. of Yâska's commentary on the Nighantus; [UKT ¶]
निरुक्त nir-ukta
√vak; n. explanation; etymological interpretation; esp. T.
of Yâska's commentary on the Nighantus; -ukti, f.
etymological explanation; -uñkhana, n. = nî-râgana; -uttara,
a. having no superior; unable to give an answer; -utsava, a.
devoid of festivals; -utsâha, a. destitute of energy,
unenterprising, spiritless: -tâ, f. cowardice; -utsuka, a.
unconcerned; having no desire for (prati); -utseka, m.
modesty; a. unpretentious, modest; -udara, a. trunkless;
-uddesam, ad. without making any statement; -udyama, a.
avoiding exertion, indolent; -udyoga, a. id.; -udvigna, pp.
untroubled, unagitated: -manas, a. having one's mind
undisturbed; -udvega, a. free from agitation, calm; -unmâda,
a. free from arrogance; -upakârin, a. unable to render a
service; -upakriya, a. rendering no service; -upa-drava, a.
unassailed by mischances or calamities, prosperous, faring
well; free from danger, safe: -tâ, f. security; -upadhi, a.
free from guile, honest; blameless; -upapatti, a.
unsuitable; -upapada, a. unaccompanied by a secondary word;
-upaplava, a. undisturbed, uninterrupted; -upabhoga, a. not
enjoying; -upama, a. having no equal; -upayoga, a. useless;
-upâkhya, a. indescribable: -tva, n. abst. n.; -upâya, a.
futile; -ushna-tâ, f. coldness: -m nî, make cold, kill;
-ushnîsha, a. turbanless, bareheaded.
UKT 120523: On pronunciation: since there's no repha, Macdonell rendition «nir-ukta» is not appropriate. It should be «ni-rukta»]
Secondly, on Buddha's words: the word «nirukta» is important because it was used by the Buddha in connection with Sanskrit as a language.
" anujānāmi bhikkhave sakāya niruttiyā buddhavacanam pariyāpunitum
""I permit you, O Monks, to learn the word of the Buddha in his own language."
• See Language Problem in Primitive Buddhism --
by Chi Hisen-lin, Journal of the Burma Research Society, XLIII, i, June 1960 quoted in http://www.tuninst.net/Romabama/Lang-Buddha/lang-problem-Buddh.htm 120523
• See also my note on Nighaṇṭu{ni.GûN~Tu.}
© nirukti [ -ukti ],
Skt: निरुक्ति <-- न ि र ु क ् त
ि --
http://www.sanskrita.org/wiki/index.php/nirukti 120704
Skt: f.
etymological explanation; -- Mac-142c2
Skt: nir-ukti f. etymological interpretation of a word
MBh.
BhP.
• (in rhet.) an artificial explanation or derivation of a word
Kuval. • (in dram.) communication of an event that has taken place
Sāh.
• N. of Yāska's
Comm. on the Nighaṇṭus • of a
Comm. on the Tarka-saṃgraha &c -- MonWilli-553c3
BPal:
{ni.roat~ti.}
- 
--
UHS-PMD0540
UKT from UHS - f. expression, expounding, deciding the meaning of sound [
{þûd~da} is 'sound'. The usual gloss 'grammar' is misleading. ] -- UKT120607
-uñkhana, n. = nî-râgana; -uttara, a. having no superior; unable to give an answer; -utsava, a. devoid of festivals; -utsâha, a. destitute of energy, unenterprising, spiritless: -tâ, f. cowardice; -utsuka, a. unconcerned; having no desire for (prati); -utseka, m. modesty; a. unpretentious, modest; -udara, a. trunkless; -ud desam, ad. without making any statement; -udyama, a. avoiding exertion, indolent; -udyoga, a. id.; -udvigna, pp. untroubled, unagitated: -manas, a. having one's mind undisturbed; -udvega, a. free from agitation, calm; -unmâda, a. free from arrogance; -upakârin, a. unable to render a service; -upakriya, a. rendering no service; -upa-drava, a. unassailed by mischances or calamities, prosperous, faring well; free from danger, safe: -tâ, f. security; -upadhi, a. free from guile, honest; blameless; -upapatti, a. un suitable; -upapada, a. unaccompanied by a secondary word; -upaplava, a. undisturbed, uninterrupted; -upabhoga, a. not enjoying; -upama, a. having no equal; -upayoga, a. useless; -upâkhya, a. indescribable: -tva, n. abst. ɴ.; -upâya, a. futile; -ushna-tâ, f. coldness: -m nî, make cold, kill; -ushnîsha, a. turbanless, bareheaded. ( end p142c2end )
p142c3-b00/ p088
• निरूढ
nirudha [ 1. nir-ûdha ]
= (न ि) (र ू) (ढ) : no repha
-- ¹ pp. of √1. ûh.
निरूढ 1. nir-ûdha
√1. ûh.
p142c3-b01/ p088
• निरूढ
nirudha [ 2. nir-ûdha ]
-- ² pp. of √vah.
निरूढ 2. nir-ûdha
√vah.
p142c3-b02/ p088
• निरूढि
nirudhi [ nir-ûdhi ]
-- f. renown.
निरूढि nir-ûdhi
renown.
p142c3-b03/ p088
• निरूपक
nirupaka [ ni-rûpaka ]
-- a. observant, contemplative; defining; m. observant man;
-rûp ana, a. determining; n. defining;
investigation; shape; -rûpya, fp. to be determined; questionable.
निरूपक ni-rûpaka
observant, contemplative; defining; m. observant man;
-rûpana, a. determining; n. defining; investigation; shape;
-rûpya, fp. to be determined; questionable.
p142c3-b04/ p088
• निर्ऋति
nirrti [ nír-riti ]
= न ि र ् ऋ त ि 
{nir-iRi.ti.}
-- f. (departure of life), dissolution, corruption;
goddess of death (guardian of the south-west).
निर्ऋति nír-riti
(departure of life), dissolution, corruption; goddess of
death (guardian of the south-west).
See Nirṛti is the goddess of death and corruption: the masculine form Nirṛta is a name of Rudra.
UKT note: Compare the present day grapheme and that of a century ago -- in Mcdonell scanned page -- paying attention to 'repha' sign. In both cases, you will see the highly rhotic sound. -- UKT120524
p142c3-b05/ p088
• निरेनस्
nirenas [ nir-enas ]
-- a. guiltless.
निरेनस् nir-enas
guiltless.
{ni.rau:}
p142c3-b06/ p088
निरोध nirodha [ ni-rodha ]
-- m. confinement, imprisonment; enclosure; coercion, repression,
subjection; obstruction; destruction; disappointment (dr.);
-ródhana, n. imprisonment; coercion; refusal; disappointment (dr.).
निरोध ni-rodha
confinement, imprisonment; enclosure; coercion, repression,
subjection; obstruction; destruction; disappointment (dr.);
-ródhana, n. imprisonment; coercion; refusal; disappointment
(dr.).
See my note on Nirodha samāpatti
{ni.rau:Da. þa.ma-pût~ti.}.
Note: It is the Ninth level of 'trance' and is the highest. The English gloss 'trance' is Pāli: «jhāna» aka{Za-na.}, Bur-Myan:
{Zaan}. -- UKT120525
p142c3-b07/ p088
• निरोष्ठ्य
nirosthya [ nir-oshthya ]
-- a. lacking labials; n. absence of labials.
निरोष्ठ्य
nir-oshthya lacking labials; n. absence of labials.
UKT: Labials are sounds of the row#5 aksharas:
{pa.} प , {hpa.} फ , {ba.} ब , {Ba.} भ , {ma.} म .
See my note on Lipogram and Pangrammatic lipogram . See an example in an medival Sanskrit novel: Dashakumaracharita (दशकुमारचरित «Daśa-kumāra-carita» .
{nir~ga.}
p142c3-b08/ p088
• निर्गताखिलकल्मष
nirgatakhilakalmasa [ nir-gata‿akhila-kalma- sha ]
= (न ि र ् ग) त ा ख िलकल्मष
-- a. freed from all sin: -tâ, f.
abst. ɴ.; -gati, f. setting out;
-gandha, a. scentless: -tâ, f. -ness; -gama,
m. going out, departure, escape from (ab.); vanishing; outlet,
exit; destination of an export; issue, conclusion; -gamana, n.
going out of (--°); -garva, a. free from pride; -garha,
a. blameless; -gavâksha, a. windowless; -gahana,
a. knowing no precipices=intrepid; -guna, a.
lacking a cord; stringless (bow); destitute of qualities; worthless,
base, bad: -tâ, f., -tva, n. lack of all qualities;
worthlessness, baseness, wickedness; -gulika, a. lacking a pill;
-griha, a. (î) houseless; -gaurava,
a. devoid ofreverence: -m, ad. condescendingly;
-grantha, a. freed from all bonds; m. naked Jain mendicant;
-granthika, m. naked Jain mendicant; -graha, m.
ascertainment.
निर्गताखिलकल्मष
nir-gata̮akhila-kalma- sha freed from all sin: -tâ, f. abst.
n.; -gati, f. setting out; -gandha, a. scentless: -tâ, f.
-ness; -gama, m. going out, departure, escape from (ab.);
vanishing; outlet, exit; destination of an export; issue,
conclusion; -gamana, n. going out of (--°); -garva, a. free
from pride; -garha, a. blameless; -gavâksha, a. windowless;
-gahana, a. knowing no precipices=intrepid; -guna, a.
lacking a cord; stringless (bow); destitute of qualities;
worthless, base, bad: -tâ, f., -tva, n. lack of all
qualities; worthlessness, baseness, wickedness; -gulika, a.
lacking a pill; -griha, a. (î) houseless; -gaurava, a.
devoid ofreverence: -m, ad. condescendingly; -grantha, a.
freed from all bonds; m. naked Jain mendicant; -granthika,
m. naked Jain mendicant; -graha, m. ascertainment.
p142c3-b09/ p088
• निर्घर्षण
nirgharsana [ nir-gharshana ]
-- n. grinding: -ka, a. serving as a dentifrice for (g.);
-ghâta, m. removal, destruction; gust of wind, whirlwind; N. of
a Dânava; -ghrina, a. unmerciful, cruel:
-tâ, f., -tva, n. hard-heartedness; -ghosha,
m. sound; a. soundless; noiseless.
निर्घर्षण
nir-gharshana grinding: -ka, a. serving as a
dentifrice for (g.); -ghâta, m. removal, destruction; gust
of wind, whirlwind; N. of a Dânava; -ghrina, a. unmerciful,
cruel: -tâ, f., -tva, n. hard-heartedness; -ghosha, m.
sound; a. soundless; noiseless.
p142c3-b10/ p088
• निर्जन
nirjana [ nir-gana ]
-- a. deserted, desolate, solitary; n. solitude: -tâ, f.,
-tva, n. id., -vana, n. lonely forest;
-gaya, m. conquest; -gara,
a. not aging, young; m. god; -gala, a.
waterless; -galada, a. cloudless;
-gigamishu, des. a. wishing to go out;
-gita-varman, m. N.;
-gita‿ari-gana, a. having
conquered the host of his foes; -giti, f. conquest;
-gihîrshu, des. a. wishing to take out or
remove; -gîva, a. lifeless, dead;
-gîva-karana, n. death-blow (to,
g.); -gîvita, a. lifeless: -tva, n.
-ness; -getri, m. vanquisher;
-gñâna, a. ignorant, stupid.
निर्जन nir-gana
deserted, desolate, solitary; n. solitude: -tâ, f., -tva, n.
id., -vana, n. lonely forest; -gaya, m. conquest; -gara, a.
not aging, young; m. god; -gala, a. waterless; -galada, a.
cloudless; -gigamishu, des. a. wishing to go out;
-gita-varman, m. N.; -gita̮ari-gana, a. having conquered the
host of his foes; -giti, f. conquest; -gihîrshu, des. a.
wishing to take out or remove; -gîva, a. lifeless, dead;
-gîva-karana, n. death-blow (to, g.); -gîvita, a. lifeless:
-tva, n. -ness; -getri, m. vanquisher; -gñâna, a. ignorant,
stupid.
p142c3-b11/ p088
• निर्झर
nirjhara [ nir-ghara ]
-- m. (rarely n.) cascade, torrent;
-gharinî, f. torrent.
निर्झर nir-ghara
cascade, torrent; -gharinî, f. torrent.
{nir~Na.}
p142c3-b12/ p088
• निर्णय
nirnaya [ nir-naya ]
= न ि र ् ण य
-- m. removal; complete ascertainment; settlement, decision,
judgment, sentence: -‿upamâ, f. comparison based
on an inference; -nâma, m. contortion, sinuosity.
निर्णय nir-naya
removal; complete ascertainment; settlement, decision,
judgment, sentence: -̮upamâ, f. comparison based on an
inference; -nâma, m. contortion, sinuosity.
p142c3-b13/ p088
• निर्णिक्ति
nirnikti [ nir-nikti ]
-- f. expiation; -níg, f. bright robe;
-neka, m. cleansing, purifica tion; expiation;
-negaka, m. washerman;
-negana, n. cleansing; expiation,
atonement; -netri, m. umpire;
-noda, m. expulsion.
निर्णिक्ति nir-nikti
expiation; -níg, f. bright robe; -neka, m. cleansing,
purification; expiation; -negaka, m. washerman; -negana, n.
cleansing; expiation, atonement; -netri, m. umpire; -noda,
m. expulsion.
• निर्दंशिन्
nirdaṃsin [ nir-damsin ]
--a. not biting; -danda, a. not punishing; -danta,
a. toothless, tuskless; -daya, a. unmerciful, cruel,
ruthless; vehement, ardent (embrace); deserving no mercy: -m,
ad. mercilessly; excessively;
( end p142c3 )
( p143c1-top )
निर्दंशिन्
nir-damsin not biting; -danda, a. not punishing;
-danta, a. toothless, tuskless; -daya, a. unmerciful, cruel,
ruthless; vehement, ardent (embrace); deserving no mercy:
-m, ad. mercilessly; excessively; ardently; -dayatva, n.
hard-heartedness, cruelty; -darana, a. free from clefts or
holes; -dari, cave; -dalana, n. splitting, cutting down;
-dasa, a. more than ten days old; -dasana, a. toothless;
-dâkshinya, a. uncourteous; -dâtri, m. weeder (of a field);
-dâridrya, a. free from poverty, well to do.
ardently; -dayatva,
n. hard-heartedness, cruelty; -darana, a.
free from clefts or holes; -dari, cave; -dalana, n.
splitting, cutting down; -dasa, a. more than ten
days old; -dasana, a. toothless;
-dâkshinya, a. un courteous; -dâtri,
m. weeder (of a field); -dâridrya, a. free from
poverty, well to do.
UKT: p142c3-b11 moved to next file
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lipogram 120525
A lipogram (from Ancient Greek: λειπογράμματος, leipográmmatos, "leaving out a letter") is a kind of constrained writing or word game consisting of writing paragraphs or longer works in which a particular letter or group of letters is avoided — usually a common vowel, and frequently "E", the most common letter in the English language.[1]
Writing a lipogram is a trivial task for uncommon letters like "Z", "J", "Q", or "X", but it is much more difficult for common letters like "E", "T" or "A". Writing this way, the author must omit many ordinary words. Grammatically meaningful and smooth-flowing lipograms can be difficult to compose.
A pangrammatic lipogram or lipogrammatic pangram is a text that uses every letter of the alphabet except one, e.g. "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog", which omits "S."
UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.
Below is a Sanskrit novel of the 7th century which contains a lipogram where no
labials were used.
From: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dashakumaracharita 120525
Dashakumaracharita (दशकुमारचरित
«Daśa-kumāra-carita» - The narrative of ten
young men) is a prose romance in Sanskrit, attributed to
Dandin (दण्डिन)
in the 7th century CE. However, as discussed below, there is some obscurity
surrounding its textual tradition, the identity of the author and the date of
composition.
... ... ...
The text contains a specimen of lipogrammatic writing (a species of constrained
writing). At the beginning of the 7th chapter of Dsc., Mantragupta (मंत्रगुप्त)
[one of the 10 princes] is called upon to relate his adventures. However, during
the previous night of vigorous lovemaking, his lips have been nibbled several
times by his beloved; as a result they are now swollen, making it painful for
him to close them. Thus, throughout his narrative, he is compelled to refrain
from using any labial consonants (प,फ,ब,भ,म).
UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.
Go back Lipogram-note-b
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nighantu 120524
Nighaṇṭu (निघण्टु {niGûN~Tu.} a Sanskrit term for a traditional collection of words, grouped into thematic categories, often with brief annotations. Such collections share characteristics with glossaries and thesauri, but are not true lexicons, such as the kośa of Sanskrit literature. Particular collections are also called nighaṇṭava.
While a number of nighantavas
devoted to specialized subjects exist, the eponymous Nighantu of
the genre is an ancient collection, handed down from
Vedic times [est. 1700 – 500 BCE, and 150 BCE ]. It was the subject of the
Nirukta
[1],
a commentary, together with a treatise on etymology, by
Yaska. Technically, Yaska's Nirukta should designate
his commentary only, but traditionally the Nighantu
has been understood to be included in it.
UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.
On निरुक्त
[Notice: no repha, which is an example of Vedic being a non-rhotic language. It was mostly likely a Tibeto-Burman language whose sounds were very similar to the present day Bur-Myan. -- UKT120524]
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirukta 120524
Nirukta (निरुक्त = न ि र ु क ् त {ni.roak~ta.} , explanation, etymological interpretation) is one of the six Vedānga disciplines of Hinduism, treating etymology, particularly of obscure words, especially those occurring in the Vedas.[1] [2] [3] The discipline is traditionally attributed to Yāska, an ancient Sanskrit grammarian. Yāska's association with the discipline is so great that he is also referred to as Niruktakāra or Niruktakrit ("Maker of Nirukta"), as well as Niruktavat ("Author of Nirukta"). In practical use, nirukta consists of brief rules (sūtras) for deriving word meanings, supplemented with glossaries of difficult or rare Vedic words.
Nirukta is also the name given to a celebrated commentary by Yāska on the Nighantu, an even older glossary which was already traditional in his time. Yāska's Nirukta contains a treatise on etymology, and deals with various attempts to interpret the many difficult Vedic words in the Nighantu. It is in the form of explanations of words, and is the basis for later lexicons and dictionaries. [4] The Nighantu is now traditionally combined with the Nirukta as a unified text.
A critical edition of the Nighantu and the Nirukta was published by Lakshman Sarup in the 1920s.
UKT: More in the Wikipedia article.
Go back Nighantu-note-b
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nirrti 120524
In
Hinduism,
Nirṛti
{nir-iRi.ti.} is the goddess of death and corruption, one of the dikpāla
(Guardians
of the directions), representing the southwest (or—according Monier-Williams’s
Sanskrit-English Dictionary—the south). The name
nir−ṛt- has the meaning of "absence of
ṛta,
lawless". The masculine form of the name,
Nirṛta, is a name of Rudra.
The following insert is from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudra 120524
" Rudra (रुद्र) is a Rigvedic God, associated with wind or storm,[1] and the hunt. The name has been translated as "The Roarer",[2][3] or "The Howler".[4]
The theonym Shiva originates as an epithet of Rudra, the adjective shiva "kind" being used euphemistically of the god who in the Rigveda also carries the epithet ghora "terrible".[5] Usage of the epithet came to exceed the original theonym and by the post-Vedic period (in the Sanskrit Epics), and the name Rudra has been taken as a synonym for the god Shiva and the two names are used interchangeably."
UKT note: The south-west direction, to the direction-conscious Bur-Myan astrology, is the Saturday-corner - its ruling{groh}-god being Saturn the most feared Malefics. Geographically, to the country of Myanmar, it is the direction of storms during rainy-season which can bring on fierce winds and high waves. I was born in the Irrawaddy delta, and my father, U Tun Pe, who had to do his official tours in the 1920s and 30s in country boats would remark: "when the south-western sky becomes red - it is sign of
{lé-ni-krûm:} 'the red-wind storm' ", and the boats had to seek shelter immediately. I remember an incidence in the late 1940s when we nearly lost our lives in the Rangoon River. It is the subject matter of one of my unpublished short stories "Dr. George caught a fish". -- UKT 120524
Nirṛti is mentioned in a few hymns of the Rigveda, mostly to seek protection from her or imploring for her departure. In one hymn (X.59), she is mentioned several times. This hymn, after summing up her nature, also asks for her departure from the sacrificial site. In the Atharva Veda (V.7.9), she is described as having golden locks. In the Taittiriya Brahmana (I.6.1.4), Nirṛti is described as dark, dressed in dark clothes and her sacrificial shares are dark husks. In the Shatapatha Brahmana (X.1.2.9), she is associated with pain and as the southwest quarter is her region, pain is associated with the southwest. But elsewhere in the same text (V.2.3.3.) she is mentioned as living in the south, the direction of the kingdom of the dead.[1][2]
Go back Nirrti-note-b
From Oxford Dictionary of Buddhism -- http://www.answers.com/topic/nirodha-sam-patti 120524
nirodha-samāpatti (Pāli, attainment of cessation). [UKT ¶ ]
-- UHS-PMD0541
UKT from UHS: f. the state of cessation of the causes - such as attachment to sensual pleasure - of the cycle of happenings [samsara - not necessarily to birth-death-rebirth]; cessation of mental bodies [Note: there are five bodies or aggregates: 4 mental and 1 physical.].
Please note that as a material scientist, I explain the 'samsara' as happenings within the present living state -- from birth, old age, and finally to death. What comes after the physical death, if there is such a happening, is beyond the present-day science of Mass-Space-Time continuum. My view is based on my own experience of Theravada-Buddhist meditation. However, I must emphasize that I have never been to the state of nirodha-samāpatti . I can hardly say that I have been even to the first level of 'trance'. -- UKT120524
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/dhyana#ixzz1vr1UbImP
Ninth level of trance which was added to the scheme of the eight trances (dhyāna). [UKT ¶ ]
dhyāna : (Sk: 'trance, absorption') (Pāli: jhāna
In this ninth stage, all mental activity is suspended and bodily functions are greatly attenuated. The subject [meditator] remains in a state of suspended animation in which it is difficult to detect any vital signs. In due course the meditator emerges spontaneously from this condition. Stories are told of monks who remained in this state while there was great tumult around them, even to the extent of being absorbed in trance in the middle of a village that was on fire. The state is also known as ‘the cessation of ideation and feeling’ (Pāli, saññā-vedayita-nirodha). See also pratisaṃkhyā-nirodha; apratisaṃkhyā-nirodha.
Read more: http://www.answers.com/topic/nirodha-sam-patti#ixzz1vo0AzgbI
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