p087.htm
• A Practical Sanskrikt Dictionary,
by A. A. Macdonell, 1893,
http://www.sanskrit-lexicon.uni-koeln.de/scans/MDScan/index.php?sfx=jpg;
1929.
-
Nataraj ed., 1st in 2006, 2012.
-
https://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/macdonell/ 190516
• The Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Grammar and
Dictionary, BHS, vol.2, by F. Edgerton,
pp. 627.
-
FEdgerton-BHSD<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link chk 180627)
• The Student's Pali English dictionary ,
by U Pe Maung Tin, 1920.
- (ref: UPMT-PEDxxx).
Downloaded copies in TIL
HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries:
-
UPMT-PaliDict1920<Ô> /
bkp<Ô> (link chk 190113)
• Pali-Myanmar Dictionary
(in Pal-Myan), by U Hoke Sein,
- (ref: UHS-PMD). The dictionary in printed form is in TIL Research Library.
• Latin-English Vocabulary II, by Hans H Ørberg, 1998
-
HHOrberg-LinguaLatina<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô> (link
chk 190624)
Edited by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) (M.S., I.P.S.T., USA),
Daw Khin Wutyi, Daw Thuzar Myint, Daw Zinthiri Han
and staff of Tun Institute of Learning (TIL).
Not for sale. No copyright. Free for everyone.
Prepared for students and staff of TIL
Research Station, Yangon, MYANMAR
-
http://www.tuninst.net ,
www.romabama.blogspot.com
MC-indx.htm |
Top
MCpp-indx.htm
{gau:pa.} - cont
p087c1
{gau:ya.}
{gua:la.}
p087c2
{gau:Sa.}
{gau:þa.}
{gau:ha.}
{gau}
{g~na}*
- unusual conjuncts, - are in a separate file
p087C.htm .
UKT 180430: Ancient Indians of Kashmere reared cattle mostly, and so ep. of Krishna is "cowherd".
Ancient Jews reared sheep mostly, and so ep. of Christ is "shepherd". Is it just a coincidence, or
is there something more to it?
UKT notes :
• Avagraha
• Goddess Gauri गौरी [ gaurî ] - the harvest-goddess
{gau:pa.}
- cont
p087c1-b01/ p064-058
• गोपयितव्य [ gopay-i-tavya ]
- fp. to be concealed.
58)
p087c1-b02/ p064-057
• गोपवेष [ gopa-vesha ]
- a. dressed as a cowherd.
57)
p087c1-b03/ p064-056
• गोपा [ go-pã ]
- m. herd; watcher, protector; f. female watcher.
56)
p087c1-b04/ p064-055
• गोपाग्रहार [ gopa‿agrahâra ]
- m. pl. N. of various Agrahâras; -‿âditya, m. N. of a king of Cashmere;
-‿adri, m. N. of a mountain.
55)
p087c1-b05/ p064-054
•
गोपाय [ gopâ-yá ]
- den. protect, guard, preserve; conceal.
54)
p087c1-b06/ p064-053
• गोपायन [ gopây-ana ]
- a. protecting; n. protection.
53)
p087c1-b07/ p064-052
• गोपाल [ go-pâlá ]
- m. cowherd; (protector of earth), king; ep. of Krishna; N. of a prince:
(a)-ka, m.
cowherd; ep. of Krishna; N. of a prince; i-kâ, f. wife of a cowherd;
-kesava, m.
N. of a statue of
Krishna; -pura, n. N. of a town; -matha, m. N. of a college;
-varman, m. N. of
a king of Cashmere.
52)
UKT 180430: Ancient Indians of Kashmere reared cattle mostly, and so ep. of Krishna is "cowherd".
Ancient Jews reared sheep mostly, and so ep. of Christ is "shepherd". Is it just a coincidence, or
is there something more to it?
p087c1-b08/ p064-051
• गोपित्त [ go-pitta ]
- n. cow's gall (from which a yellow pigment is said to be obtained); -pîthá,
m. ¹.
draught of milk; ². protection; -pukkha, m. cow's tail; kind of monkey;
-pura,
n. city-gate; gate.
51)
p087c1-b09/ p064-050
• गोपेन्द्र [ gopa‿indra ]
- m. chief of herdsmen, ep. of Krishna; -‿îsa,
m. id.
50)
p087c1-b10/ p064-049
• गोप्तव्य [ gop-tavya ]
- fp. to be guarded or protected; -trí, m., -tr&isharp;,
f. protector; concealer; -ya,
fp. to be guarded, protected, preserved, or concealed.
49)
p087c1-b11/ p064-048
• गोप्रचार [ go-prakâra ]
- m. pasture land for cows; -pratâra, m. Oxford, N. of a place of
pilgrimage on
the Sarayû; -balîvarda-nyâya, m. the manner of cow-bull, i.e. excusable
tautology; -brâhmana,
n. sg. a cow and (or) a Brâhman.
48)
p087c1-b12/ not online
• [gobhila]
-- m. N. of a writer of sûtras.
UKT 190323: See Sacred Books of the East, vol. 30, by F. Max Muller, 1892, on Grihya Sutras in TIL HD-PDF & SD-PDF libraries:
- FMaxMuller-SacredBooksVol30<Ô> / Bkp<Ô> (link chk 190323)
The original author was Gobhila. F. Max Muller writes in Introduction: "There are, as it seems, no direct traces of the Grthya ceremonies in the most ancient portion of Vedic literature."
UKT: I hold that the Védas were originally those of the indigenous population written by the very first of the Rishis (not the travelling bards of later years singing praises of the male gods and their wives). The ancient Rishis revered by Gautama Buddha are about 10 in number who were devoted to the pursuit of "knowledge". They lived in remote areas in the foothills of Himalayas which extended from west to east and bent down south into the land of present day Myanmarpré. You can still find them in Myanmarpré who now keep the Buddhist five precepts.
p087c1-b13/ p064-047
• गोभुज् go-bhug, -˚भृत् [ -bhrit ]
- m. prince, king.
47)
p087c1-b14/ p064-069
• गोमत् [ gó-mat ]
- a. possessing cows, rich in, or consisting of cows; abounding in milk;
n.
property in cattle: -î, f. place abounding in cows; -&isharp;,
f. N. of several
rivers, esp. of a tributary of the Indus; -matallikâ, f. splendid cow.
69)
p087c1-b15/ p064-068
• गोमय [ go-máya ]
- a. consisting of cows; full of cowdung; (m.) n. cowdung (often pl.):
-pâyasîya-nyâya-vat, ad. after the manner of cowdung and milk-food,
i.e. widely
differing
though identical in origin; -maya, a. (î) made of cowdung.
68)
p087c1-b16/ p064-067
• गोमयाय [ gomayâ-ya ]
- den. Â. taste like cow-dung.
67)
p087c1-b17/ p064-066
• गोमायु [ gó-mâyu ]
- a. bellowing like an ox; m. kind
of frog; jackal; N. of a jackal.
66)
p087c1-b18/ p064-065
• गोमिथुन [ go-mithuna ]
- n. sg. and du. bull and cow; -min, m. possessor of cattle;
-mukha, m.
kind of
musical instrument; N. of several men; -mûtra, n. cow's urine; -mrigá,
m. kind
of buffalo; -mriga-kâka-karyâ, f. manner of cows in walking, deer in standing, and crows in
sitting; -medha, - yagña, m. cow-sacrifice.
65)
UKT 180430: Notice the word, मिथुन [ mithuna ] 'n. mating, copulation" (SpkSkt).
{gau:ya.}
p087c1-b19/ p064-064
• गोयान [ go-yâna ]
- n. car drawn by oxen or cows; cart; -yukta, pp. yoked with oxen or
cows; -yuga,
n. couple of oxen, - animals; -raksha-ka, a. tending cattle, cattle-breeding;
m.
cowherd; -rakshâ, f. tending or keeping of cattle, cattle-breeding, pastoral life;
-rakshya,
n. id.; -rambha,
m. N.; -rasa, m. cow's milk; -rokanâ, f. gall-stone in cows;
-roman, n. cow's
hair.
64)
{gua:la.}
p087c1-b20/ p064-063
• गोल gola, ˚क [ -ka ]
- m. bull; widow's bastard.
63)
p087c1-b21/ p064-061
• गोलाङ्गूल [ go-lâṅgûla ]
- m. kind of monkey; -loman, n. cow's hair; -vadha,
m. cow-killing; -vardhana, m. N. of a mountain
near Mathurâ held
up for seven days by Krishna for the purpose of sheltering cows threatened by
Indra; N. of an
author; ep. of Krishna; -vâta, m. cow-pen; -vâla, m. cow's hair;
a. (î) having
cow's hair; -vâsa, m.
cow-pen; -vid, a. procuring cattle; -vinda, m. ep. of Krishna or Vishnu:
-râga,
m. N. of a commentator on Manu, -svâmin, m. N. of a Brâhman;
-vrisha, m. bull; -vrishana, m.
scrotum of a bull; -vraga, m. cow-pen; -sakrit, n. cow-dung;
-sâlâ, f.
cow-shed; -sîrsha, m. N. of a serpent demon; n. kind of sandal-wood:
-ka, id.;
-sriṅga, n. cow-horn; m. N. of a mountain.
61)
p087c2-b01/ p064-060
• गोऽश्व [ go x svá ]
- n. sg. cattle and horses.
60)
See my note on Avagraha - Skt-Dev glyph ऽ
{gau:Sa.}
p087c2-b02/ p064-083
• गोष्ठ [ go-shthá ]
- m. cow-shed, cow-pen, stable; meeting-place; n. kind of srâddha.
83)
UKT 180508: srâddha - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ar%C4%81ddha 180508
"Śrāddha or Shraaddha , श्राद्ध 'literally means anything or any act that is performed with all sincerity and faith Śraddhā . In the Hindu religion, it is the ritual that one performs to pay homage to one's Pitṛs 'ancestors' [UKT: Ma'nes{ro:ra-nût}] ... performed on the death anniversary or collectively during the Pitru Paksha or Shraaddha paksha 'fortnight of ancestors', right before Sharad Navaratri in autumn. [1] [2] [3] ... In Hindu amanta calendar (ending with amavasya), second half of the [Lunar] month Bhadrapada [Aug-Sep] is called Pitru Paksha:... "
UKT 180508: The person who performs the feast is known as karta{da.ka}. See: MLC MED2006 p.208c
See also Sharada Navratri - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navaratri 180508
UKT: Navratri नवरात्रि 'nine nights' most observed as Durga Puja, in the bright half of the Lunar month of Ashvin (Sept-Oct). [3] [4]
p087c2-b03/ p064-082
• गोष्ठिक [ goshth-ika ]
- a. less correct form of gaushthika: -karman, n. negotiation for a
company; -srâddha, n. kind of srâddha.
82)
p087c2-b04/ p064-081
• गोष्ठी [ go-shthî ]
- f. assembly, company; fellowship, conversation: -ka, --° a. id.;
-bandha, m.
social assembly; -yâna, n. carriage for company.
81)
p087c2-b05/ p064-080
• गोष्ठेशय [ goshthe-saya ]
- a. sleeping in a cow-shed.
80)
p087c2-b06/ p064-079
• गोष्पद [ gosh-pada ]
- n. cow's footprint; small puddle: fig. = mere trifle.
79)
{gau:þa.}
p087c2-b07/ p064-078
• गोस्तन [ go-stana ]
- m. cow's udder; *pearl necklace with four strings; -svâmin, m. owner of
cows.
78)
{gau:ha.}
p087c2-b08/ p064-077
• गोह [ góh-a ]
- m. hiding-place, lair.
77)
p087c2-b09/ not online
• गोहत्या [ go-hatyâ ]
- f. slaughter of a cow; -hantri, m. cow-killer; -hara,
m.: -na, n.
cow-stealing.
{gau}
p087c2-b10/ p064-075
• गौड [ gauda ]
- a. made of sugar; m. n. (Sugar land), N. of a country (central Bengal);
m. pl. its
inhabitants; î, f. rum distilled from sugar; î-ya, a. relating to the Gaudas.
75)
UKT 180509: My grandmother, Daw Choak (b. ca 1873 - d. appr 1964), told me that her father, U Yan Shin had owned toddy-palm plantations from Myingyan district to Magwè district. Her native villages were in the area of Mount Popa. She even suggested that I go her native village Gna'tha'yauk, and claim inheritance from the surviving descendants of her father, then known in the area as, Bo (Chieftain) Yan Shin. That he was a native Burmese chieftain is from the fact that at his death his forehead was gilded (pure gold), and his funeral bed had four golden umbrellas giving shade. I had replied: "lucky if I were to get a single palm."
See my note on Toddy climbers of Myanmarpré
p087c2-b11/ p064-074
• गौण [ gauna ]
- a. (î) subordinate, secondary; figurative: i-ka, a. (î) relating to the
three
fundamental qualities.
74)
p087c2-b12/ p064-073
• गौतम [ gautamá ]
- a. (î) relating to Gotama; m. pat. from Gotama: N. of various men:
-‿aranya, n. N.
of a forest.
73)
p087c2-b13/ not online
• गोतमी [gautamî ]
- f. N. of several women; N. of a river
p087c2-b14/ p064-072
• गौर [ gaurá ]
- a. (&isharp;) whitish, yellowish, reddish; m. kind of buffalo; white
mustard (a
grain of it = a measure); -mukha, m. N.; -mriga, m. kind of buffalo.
72)
p087c2-b15/ p064-071
• गौरव [ gaurava ]
- a. relating to the preceptor; n. heaviness; prosodical length; importance,
value;
dignity; respect (for, lc.), reverence, honour.
71)
p087c2-b16/ p064-133
• गौरसर्षप [ gaura-sarshapa ]
- m. white mustard; a grain of it used as a weight.
133)
p087c2-b17/ p064-097
• गौरी [ gaurî ]
- f. female of the Gaura buffalo; girl (of eight) prior to menstruation;
N. of Siva's wife; N.:
-guru, m. Gaurî's father, the Himâlaya; -nâtha, -pati,
m. ep. of Siva; -pûgâ,
f. worship of Gaurî, N. of a festival in the month of Mâgha; -bhartri,
m. ep. of
Siva; -vrata, n. vow of Gaurî, N. of a rite; -‿îsa,
m. ep. of Siva.
97)
See my note on Goddess Gauri - the harvest-goddess.
- worshipped in the lunar month of Mâgha माघ «māgha» is a lunar month in India. It is the the eleventh month of the year, corresponds with Jan/Feb. Bur-Myan equivalent is{pra-þo la.}
p087c2-b18/ p064-096
• गौष्ठिक [ gaushthika ]
- a. relating to an assembly.
96)
UKT 120207:
I have been confused by अवग्रह «avagraha» denoted by glyph ऽ . The meaning given by A. A. Macdonell serves as an illustration:
• गो ऽ श्व go x sva [ go x svá ] -- n. sg. cattle and horses.
¤ गो 'cattle'
¤ अश्व = अ श ् व 'horse' . अ has been dropped
--> श्व , and reduced to an apostrophe denoted by ऽ .
See UHS-PMD0130 for prefix{a.wa.} अव «ava»
From Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avagraha 120207
Avagraha अवग्रह «avagraha») ऽ is a Devanāgarī symbol used to indicate prodelision of an अ «a». [UKT ¶ ]
prodelision
-- elision of the initial vowel of a word <Latin bonum'st for bonum est is an example of prodelision >
-- http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/prodelision 120207
It is usually transliterated with an apostrophe, as in the Sanskrit philosophical expression:
शिवो ऽहम् «Śivo ’ham»
(Śivaḥ aham without sandhi) ‘I am Shiva’.
The avagraha is also used for prolonging vowel sounds in modern languages, for example Hindi माँऽऽऽ! for ‘Mãããã!’ when calling to one’s mother. [UKT ¶]
Sometimes it is also used to signify long or heavy syllables in metrical poetry, for example can the syllables in the word छंदः «chandaḥ» ‘metre’ (in nominative) be expressed as ऽ ऽ , as two long syllables.
Go back avagraha-note-b
- UKT 170626, 180507:
See also: Chapter 02. Nine Gods, in Folk Elements in Buddhism
- flk-ele-indx.htm > ch02.htm (link chk 180507)
and also downloaded Buddhist Legends, translated from the original Pali text of the Dhammapada Commentary, by Eugene Watson Burlingame, Harvard Univ. Press ,1921, in TIL HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries
- EWBurlingame-BuddhistLegends<Ô> / Bkp<Ô> (link chk 180507)
I hold that indigenous peoples of
India of the Brass Age, speaking Tib-Bur
languages had worshipped the Mother Goddess
or Mèdaw
{mèý-tau}. At various times in history
these Brass Age peoples were militarily
overwhelmed by the Iron Age peoples, and
were made into slaves. The priests of the
invaders, the Poannars
{poaN~Na:}, both Vaishnavites
{braah~ma.Na. poaN~Na:} and the Shaivite
{þi-wa. poaN~Na:}, rewrote many stories of the Mèdaw
{mèý-tau} and her kind, making them wives
of their gods, in particular those of
Shiva-déva who became the most promiscuous
god in India. Thus, Mother-goddess Gauri -
the harvest-goddess became one of the many
wives of Shiva-déva.
In northern Myanmarpré, which has been
connected to the mainland India by overland
routes, we find a harvest-goddess known
as Poan'ma'kri
{poan:ma.kræÑ rhín-ma.}. For the story
of Poan'ma'kri, see: Myanmar Traditional
Nat History (in Bur-Myan), by
U Htwé Han & U Ba Nyunt, Rangoon, 1981,
p.126, in TIL library. According to the
authors, the story is derived from the story of
{ka-La. yak~hki.ni} or
{ka-Li. yak~hki.ni} in
Dhammapada Aṭṭhakathā
- 1. story #4.
UKT 170627: The name of the Yakkhini is
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaktism 170627
- a grand-mix up with Universal Mother - the anthropomorphic form of Atta and Atman.
See my note on p087C.htm .
Inset pix: Book cover of Sixth Theravada Buddhist Synod, held in Rangoon lasting 1954 to 1956
See Wikipedia for the event: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_Buddhist_council 170627
The story begins with the line:
na. hi. wé-ré-na-ti. I.män Dûm~ma.dé-þa.nän þût~hta zé-ta.wa.né wi.ha.rûn~taau:
íñ~ña.ti.rän wíñ~Zait~htäin a-rûb~Ba. ka.hté-þi.{I.män Dûm~ma.dé-þa.nän} - this Darma-sermon; {þût~hta} - the Buddha
{zé-ta.wa.né} - at Zétawun monastery; {wi.ha.rûn~taau:} - while residing
{íñ~ña.ti.rän wíñ~Zait~htäin} - a certain barren woman
{a-rûb~Ba.} - in connection with; {ka.hté-þi.} - is deliveredProse: This Darma-sermon is delivered by the Buddha, while residing at the Zétawun monastery, in connection with a certain barren woman.
and recorded in story #4 in Dhammapada Aṭṭhakathā - 1.
From: The Golden Bough: a study of magic and religion, by James George Frazer, 1890, 2009 ed., p.077
" In some parts of India the
harvest-goddess Gauri is represented both
by an unmarried girl and by a bundle of
the wild flowering balsam plant touch-me-not
(Impatiens sp.) which is tied up
in a mummy-like figure with a woman's mask,
dress, and ornaments. Before being removed
from the soil to represent the goddess the
plants are worshipped. The girl is also
worshipped. Then the bundle of plants is
carried and the girl who personates the
goddess walks through the rooms of the
house, while the supposed footprints of
Gauri herself are imprinted on the floor
with red paste. "
Go back Gauri-note-b
UKT 170625, 180509:
Gowda (aka
Gauda or Gouda) is a surname
used predominantly in vokkaliga
caste also used by different castes in
(Karnataka), India.
[1]
[2] Gowda was originally a honorific
used by the administrative head of a village.
Typically, such a head owns land and holds
political and social power in the village.
[3]
-
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gowda
170625
From Wikipedia: - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamalla 180509
The Gamalla are an Indian caste
whose traditional occupation was that of toddy
tapping. They also produced and sold the
arrack
[1]
From Wikipedia, edited by UKT: - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrack 180509
Arrack, also spelt arak,
[1] is a distilled alcoholic drink
{hkyak-a.rak}, typically produced in the
Indian Subcontinent and
Southeast Asia, made from:
# the
fermented sap of coconut flowers,
#
sugarcane :
UKT 180509: from mother liquor of evaporated pressed juice of the stems,
left over after crystallization of sugar crystals.
The main form is Rum
# grain (e.g. red rice) :
UKT 180509
#
fruit,
# sap from fronds of certain palms, such as Toddy palm, Borassus
flabellifer L. , in Myanmarpré.
See: Wikipedia:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borassus_flabellifer 180509
and PhD thesis Toddy Palm Culture in Myanmar (1752-1885), by Aye Aye
Thant, Dept. of History, Univ. of Mandalay, Myanmar, 2013
in TIL HD-PDF and SD-PDF libraries
-
AyeAyeThant<Ô> /
Bkp<Ô>
(link chk 180509)
Go back Toddy-climbers-note-b
End of TIL file