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Medicinal Plants of Myanmar

Amaranthacea

by Kyaw Soe and Tin Myo Ngwè, Forest Resource Environment Development and Conservation Association (FREDA), Series 1, 2004, ISBN 974-91986-0-3
Copied by U Kyaw Tun, and staff of TIL for staff and students of TIL. Not for sale.

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UKT: Nagathein references are given to check the Burmese-Myanmar names. * shows where there is no agreement in Burmese name but when the plant is identifiable from botanical name.

{hin:nu.nwè~-hsu:pauk} Amaranthus spinosus L. 3-513

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KS-TMN 037

{hin:nu.nwè~-hsu:pauk} Amaranthus spinosus L. 3-513

Botanical name: Amaranthus spinosus L. Sp. Pl 991. 1753 Myanmar name: Hin-nu-nwe-su-bauk English name: Prickly amaranth Family: Amaranthaceae Burmese-Myanmar name in Nagathein 3-513:  {hin:nu.nwè~-hsu:pauk} Photos: left -- habit with flowers and fruits right -- wild growing plants Click on the pictures to enlarge.

Identification characters:
An annual herb, erect; branches diffuse, stems hard, grooved, spines sharp, straight and divaricate in leaf axils. Leaves alternate, simple; exstipulate; petioles long, equalling the laminae or shorter; laminae ovate or lanceolate or oblong, the bases obtuse, the margins entire, the tips spinous -apiculate, the upper surfaces glabrous, the lower sometimes scurfy. Inflorescences axillary cymules, dense and clustered or terminal and axillary spikes, dense or interrupted; bracts scarious. Flowers small, bracteoles linear, bristle-pointed, sessile, unisexual, monoecious, actinomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous. Staminate flower: perianth uniseriate, sepals 5, ovate, acuminate, bristle-pointed. Androceium polyandrous, stamens 5, opposite the sepals, the filaments filiform, the anthers dithecous, dehiscence longitudinal. Pistillate flower: perianth uniseriate, sepals 5, oblong, obtuse, apiculate. Pistil 1, ovary ovoid, compressed, 2- carpelled, syncarpous, 1- loculed, the ovule solitary, erect, the placentation basal, the styles 2, short, the stigmas 2. Fruit a capsule, ovoid, thickened at the top, dehiscence circumscissile about the middle, membranous, rugose; seeds globose, erect, compressed, testa crustaceous, endospermic, albumen floury.

Flowering period: July-November
Fruiting period: August-December

Distribution: A weed, common throughout Myanmar in waste land places

Parts used and uses: Roots, leaves, flowers, fruits and seeds -- Antidote for snake-bites. Root -- Antidote for scorpion-stings; Muscle spasticity; Dermatitis. Root decoction -- Haematemesis; Menorrhagia; Leucorrhoea; Heals boils and sores. Leaf  -- Dysuria; Gonorrhoea; Urolithiasis; Hepatitis; Haemorrhoids; Stops epistaxis; Antidote for spider toxin.

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