Rhamnaceae family - general characters
Ziziphus jujuba {hsi: (zi:)}
/ {hsi:tau}
Zizyphus oenoplia {paung-pθ.}
/
{thi.kra:rι-sing}
Zizyphus rugosa {tau:hsi:}
/ {myauk-hsi:}
Rhamnus spp.
Zizyphus spp.
compiled by U Kyaw Tun, U Pe Than, and staff of TIL. Not for sale.
Family: Rhamnaceae 3 entries
Rhamnaceae family - general characters
Ziziphus jujuba {hsi: (zi:)}
/ {hsi:tau}
Zizyphus oenoplia
{paung-pθ.}
/
{thi.kra:rι-sing}
Zizyphus rugosa {tau:hsi:}
/ {myauk-hsi:}
Rhamnus spp.
Zizyphus spp.
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Contents of this page
From: Families yielding important phytopharmaceuticals in Fundamentals of Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy, by Michael Heinrich, J. Barnes, S. Gibbons, and E. Williamson, October 2003, ISBN:0443071322, pp.320 -- www.fleshandbones.com/readingroom/pdf/747.pdf
Important medicinal plants from the family
Rhamnus purshiana DC. (American cascara) and Rhamnus frangula
L. (syn. Frangula alnus, European alder, buckthorn), both used as
strong purgatives.
Morphological characteristics of the family
This family mostly consists of trees with simple leaves, which are arranged
spirally or opposite. The flowers are small and unisexual with an epigynous
gynaecium and four or five small petals. The fruit is a drupe (fleshy exoand
mesocarp with a hard endocarp).
Distribution
A relatively small cosmopolitan, mainly tropical and subtropical, family,
with about 900 species.
Chemical characteristics of the family
The family is best known pharmaceutically because some taxa accumulate
anthraquinones. Also alkaloids of the benzylisoquinoline type and the cyclo-peptide
type are known from many taxa.
Syn.: Rhamnus jujuba, Ziziphus jujuba, Zizyphus mauritiana - FAO
MMPDB:
Ref. Burmese-Myanmar
transcripts
Agri.Dept.2000 20-0500:
{hsi:};
{hsi:tau}
Chklist: Zi, Zi-daw-thi
LSR : NL
FAO 209: zee-pen; zizidaw
KS-TMN:
NL
Nagathein :
NL
UHM : NL
Myanmar-Script Spelling
Official Myanmar Dictionaries :
{hsi:}
-
- TravPo-M-Dict 100
{hsi:}
- n. jujube tree, Zizyphus jujuba or its fruit
- Myan-Engl-Dict
UKT: The word
Chklist data :
Ziziphus jujuba Lam. Cited as: Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.
Habit: Tree. Distribution: Cultivated. Common Names: Chinese date, Eng-si,
Jujube, Mahkaw, Makhkaw-hku, Zi, Zi-daw-thi
Hindi :
Sanskrit :
English common name used in Myanmar :
Agri.Dept.2000 20-0500: Jujube tree
Chklist: Zi, Zi-daw-thi
LSR : NL
FAO 209: Chinese date, Eng-si, Jujube
KS-TMN:
NL
Nagathein :
NL
UHM : NL
Common names: Indian jujube (En); putrea (Cam); widara, dara, bidara (Ins); than (Lao); bidara, jujub, epal siam (Mal); zee-pen, zizidaw (Mya); manzanitas (Phi); phutsaa, ma tan (Tha); tao, tao nhuc (Vie). -- FAO
Picture :
Leader -- FAO
Plant identification characters :
Key characteristics: Small; drooping branches; hairy zigzagging twigs with small spines; leaf hairy underneath, 3 prominent veins. Description: A bushy shrub or small tree up to 15 m high with drooping branches and hairy zigzagging twigs with small paired spines at leave bases (occasionally absent). Leaves alternate, simple, elliptic-ovate to oblong-elliptic, 29 cm long and 1.55 cm wide, entire or slightly crenate, glossy above, densely white haired below with 3 conspicuous longitudinal veins and 815 mm long leaf stalks. Inflorescence from leaf corners, 12 cm long with 720 yellowish 5-merous flowers, 23 mm across, weakly fragrant. The yellowish to reddish or blackish fruit is globose to ovoid, up to 6 Χ 4 cm when cultivated, smaller on wild trees, with glossy smooth or rough skin and white, juicy, weakly acid to sweet flesh. - FAO
Distribution in Myanmar :
Distribution elsewhere:
Cultivated on small scale throughout the tropics and subtropics including all countries in Southeast Asia. Ecology: A hardy species tolerating extreme temperatures and dry conditions. Growing from sea level to about 1,000 m altitude where annual rainfall ranges between 125 to 2,000 mm, preferably on fairly light and deep soils, but tolerate even occasional waterlogging. - FAO
Part used and uses :
The fruit is eaten fresh, used to make drinks, candy or syrup or preserved by drying. Young leaves are cooked as vegetables or used as fodder. The tree is also used as a host tree for rearing lac insects, harvested to prepare shellac. The reddish wood is used for turnery, household items and implements. - FAO
Zizyphus Jujuba, Mill. Lam. (syn. Zizyphus vulgaris, Lam.) Sudan (western): fruits fermented and prepared into a confection. India (Deccan): dry fruits powdered; (Madras Presidency): ripe fruit eaten. Vernacular names - Tamil: Yellanday kai. Telugu: Reygoo. Ref. IRVINE, SHORTT, WATT. -- FAO Famine Foods
Constituents :
Ref. Burmese-Myanmar
transcripts
Agri.Dept.2000 26-0676:
/
{tau:hsi:nwθύ}/ {paung-pθ.}
Chklist: Paungbet, Supauk-pin, Taw-zi-nwe
LSR : NL
FAO : NL
KS-TMN:
NL
Nagathein 1-425:
/
{hsi:thi: (myauk)}/ {paung-pθ.}
UHM : NL
Myanmar-Script Spelling
Official Myanmar Dictionaries :
{paung-pθ.} -
- TravPo-M-Dict 190
{paung-pθ.} - n. creeper plant with medicinal properties. Zizyphus
glabra, Z. onoplia . Also
{thi.kra:rι-sing}
- Myan-Engl-Dict 269
{thi.kra:rι-sing} -
- TravPo-M-Dict 324
Chklist data :
Ziziphus oenoplia Mill. Habit: Shrub, Climber. Distribution: Wide.
Common Names: Mainam-nu, Mak-hkaw-hku, Njilamyin, Paungbet, Supauk-pin, Taw-zi-nwe
Hindi :
Sanskrit :
English common name used in Myanmar :
Agri.Dept.2000 26-0676: NG
Chklist: NG
LSR : NL
FAO : NL
KS-TMN:
NL
Nagathein 1-425: NG
UHM : NL
Picture :
Leaders: left -
flora.sut.ac.th/
right -
http://www.gifu-u.ac.jp/~miya/DDplantshtml/plant152.htm
Photos: both -
http://www.gifu-u.ac.jp/~miya/DDplantshtml/plant152.htm
Plant identification characters :
Distribution in Myanmar :
Part used and uses :
Zizyphus oenoplia (RHAMNACEAE) - Stem bark used as mouthwash for sore throat, for dysentery and inflammation of the uterus -- http://199.33.141.23/faculty/webpages/nrajakaruna/pdfs/Antimicrobial.pdf
Constituents :
Ref. Burmese-Myanmar
transcripts
Agri.Dept.2000 26-0675:
/
{tau:hsi:}/ {myauk-hsi:}
- Agri.Dept.2000 46-1207:
{myauk-hsi:}
[genus given as "Zigyphur" - sp. mistake?]
Chklist: Myauk-zi, Taw-zi, Zi-ganauk, Zi-talaing
LSR : NL
FAO : NL
KS-TMN:
NL
Nagathein 1-422:
{hsi:hka.nauk}
UHM : NL
Myanmar-Script Spelling
Official Myanmar Dictionaries :
- TravPo-M-Dict
- Myan-Engl-Dict
- Myan-Ortho
Chklist data
Ziziphus rugosa Lam. Habit: Small tree. Distribution: Wide. Common
Names: Mak-kok, Myauk-zi, Sammankaw, Taw-zi, Zi-ganauk, Zi-talaing
Hindi :
Sanskrit :
English common name used in Myanmar :
Picture :
Plant identification characters :
Distribution in Myanmar :
Part used and uses :
Zizyphus rugosa, Lam. India (Deccan): fruit eaten. Ref. WATT. -- FAO Famine Foods
Constituents :
Results of search for 'Rhamnus' in the Checklist of Plants
of Myanmar, U.S. National Herbarium, 8 Aug 2006.
Rhamnus nipalensis Laws. Habit: Shrub. Distribution: Kachin,
Mandalay, Sagaing. Common Names: Buckthorn
Rhamnus sargentianus Schn. Habit: Shrub. Distribution: Kachin
Rhamnus virgatus Roxb. Habit: Shrub. Distribution: Kachin, Shan,
Unknown
USDA-NRCS
"RHIN19","Rhamnus insula Kellogg [excluded]",">>Alchemilla
lapeyrousii","Rosaceae"
"RHIN20","Rhamnus insularis Greene [excluded]",">>Alchemilla lapeyrousii","Rosaceae"
Results of search for 'Ziziphus' in the Checklist of Plants
of Myanmar, U.S. National Herbarium, 5 Aug 2006.
Ziziphus brunoniana C.B. Clarke. Habit: Shrub. Distribution: Kayin,
Taninthayi, Unknown, Yangon
Ziziphus funiculosa Buch.-Ham. Habit: Shrub. Distribution: Chin,
Kachin, Sagaing, Taninthayi
Ziziphus glabra Roxb. Habit: Climber/Creeper. Distribution: Wide.
Common Names: Ma jilamyin, N ji-lam-yin, Paungbet
Ziziphus globularis Wall. Habit: Shrub. Distribution: Reported from
Myanmar
Ziziphus incurva Roxb. Habit: Tree. Distribution: Chin, Kachin,
Mandalay, Sagaing, Shan. Common Names: Ma jilam-yin, N jilam-yin, Paungpe, Subo,
Sugauk
Ziziphus jujuba Lam. Cited as: Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.
Habit: Tree. Distribution: Cultivated. Common Names: Chinese date, Eng-si,
Jujube, Mahkaw, Makhkaw-hku, Zi, Zi-daw-thi
Ziziphus oenoplia Mill. Habit: Shrub, Climber. Distribution: Wide.
Common Names: Mainam-nu, Mak-hkaw-hku, Njilamyin, Paungbet, Supauk-pin, Taw-zi-nwe
Ziziphus rubiginosa D.G. Long & Rae. Habit: Shrub. Distribution:
Kachin, Unknown
Ziziphus rugosa Lam. Habit: Small tree. Distribution: Wide. Common
Names: Mak-kok, Myauk-zi, Sammankaw, Taw-zi, Zi-ganauk, Zi-talaing
USDA-NRCS
"ZIZIP","Ziziphus P. Mill.","jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"ZICE","Ziziphus celata Judd & Hall","Florida jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"ZILO","Ziziphus lotus (L.) Lam.","lotus jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIMA","Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.","Indian jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIJU2","Ziziphus jujuba (L.) Lam., non P. Mill.",">>Ziziphus
mauritiana","Rhamnaceae"
"ZINU2","Ziziphus nummularia (Burman f.) Wight & Arn.","jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIOB","Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray)
Gray","lotebush","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIOBC","Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray var. canescens
(Gray) M.C. Johnston","lotebush","Rhamnaceae"
"COLYC","Condalia lycioides (Gray) Weberb. var. canescens (Gray) Trel.",">>Ziziphus
obtusifolia var. canescens","Rhamnaceae"
"COLYC2","Condaliopsis lycioides (Gray) Suess. var. canescens (Gray) Suess.",">>Ziziphus
obtusifolia var. canescens","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIOBO","Ziziphus obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Gray var.
obtusifolia","lotebush","Rhamnaceae"
"COLY2","Condalia lycioides (Gray) Weberb.",">>Ziziphus obtusifolia var.
obtusifolia","Rhamnaceae"
"COOB6","Condalia obtusifolia (Hook. ex Torr. & Gray) Weberb.",">>Ziziphus
obtusifolia var. obtusifolia","Rhamnaceae"
"COLY3","Condaliopsis lycioides (Gray) Suess.",">>Ziziphus obtusifolia
var. obtusifolia","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIPA","Ziziphus parryi Torr.","Parry's jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"COPA27","Condalia parryi (Torr.) Weberb.",">>Ziziphus parryi","Rhamnaceae"
"COPA21","Condaliopsis parryi (Torr.) Suess.",">>Ziziphus
parryi","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIPAP3","Ziziphus parryi Torr. var. parryi Torr. [superfluous autonym]",">>Ziziphus
parryi","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIRE","Ziziphus reticulata (Vahl) DC.","cacao rojo","Rhamnaceae"
"SARE14","Sarcomphalus reticulatus (Vahl) Urban",">>Ziziphus
reticulata","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIRI","Ziziphus rignonii Delponte","soana","Rhamnaceae"
"SADO9","Sarcomphalus domingensis (Spreng.) Krug & Urban",">>Ziziphus
rignonii","Rhamnaceae"
"ZITA","Ziziphus taylorii (Britt.) M.C. Johnston","Taylor's jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"SATA3","Sarcomphalus taylorii Britt.",">>Ziziphus taylorii","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIZI","Ziziphus zizyphus (L.) Karst.","common jujube","Rhamnaceae"
"ZIJU","Ziziphus jujuba P. Mill.",">>Ziziphus zizyphus","Rhamnaceae"
Agri.Dept.2000
Rhamaceae -- Zigyphus oenoplia -- {paung-mθ.thi:} 38-0993
Rhamnaceae -- Ventilago madraspatna -- {thwι:tak} 62-1663
Rhamnaceae -- Ventilago madroaspatana -- {wa-hso-nwθύ} 55-1452
Rhamnaceae -- Zigyphur rugosa -- {myauk-hsi:} 46-1207 - [UKT: sp.
mistake?]
Rhamnaceae -- Zizyphus incurva -- {hsu:hpo} 20-0510
Rhamnaceae -- Zizyphus mauritiana -- {hsi:} {hsi:tau} 20-0500
Rhanmaceae -- Zizphus oenoplia -- {tau:hsi:nwθύ} {paung-pθ.} 26-0676
Rhanmaceae -- Zizyphus rugosa -- {tau:hsi:} {myauk-hsi:} 26-0675
Entry format: Botanical name / Family / Ref. Burmese-Myanmar
transcripts ( Agri.Dept.2000 :
Chklist: LSR : FAO : KS-TMN:
Nagathein :
UHM :/ Myanmar-Script Spelling (
Official Myanmar Dictionaries : - TravPo-M-Dict - Myan-Engl-Dict - Myan-Ortho
/ Chklist data / Hindi /
Sanskrit / English common name used in Myanmar / Picture /
Plant identification characters / Distribution in Myanmar / Part
used and uses / Constituents /
End of TIL file