TIL

Burmese-Myanmar Grammar
in Romabama

tx02pronoun.htm

by Myanmar Language Commission (MLC), Ministry of Education, Government of the Union of Myanmar (in Burmese-Myanmar)

Digitized by Daw Thet-thet Theint Han and staff of TIL (Tun Institute of Learning) in 2003 July.
Edited and set in Romabama by U Kyaw Tun (UKT) and staff of TIL, starting from 2007 July
http://www.tuninst.net ).

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emrfpm;

15/ emrf\tpm; okH;aom yk'fukd emrfpm;[k ac:onf/
(u) (1) armifarmif onf ausmif;okdUoGm;onf/
   (2) olonf yOörwef;ausmif;om; jzpfonf/
yxr0gusü &Sdaom armifarmifonf emrf jzpfonf/ 'kwd,0gusü &Sdaom ol [laom yk'fonf emrfyk'f armifarmif \ ae&mwGif tpm;xkd;í okH;aom yk'fjzpfonf/ xkdUaMumifh ol [laom yk'fonf emrfpm; jzpfonf/

(c) (1) rkdrkd onf vdr®maom qifwpfaumif jzpfonf/
   (2) olonf MuHukd tvGefMudKufonf/
yxr0gusü &Sdaom rkdrdk onf emrf jzpfonf/ 'kwd,0gusü &Sdaom ol [laom yk'fonf emrfyk'f rkdrkd \ ae&mwGif tpm;xkd;í okH;aom yk'fjzpfonf/ xkdUaMumifh ol [laom yk'fonf emrfpm; jzpfonf/

(*) (1) armifarmifonf rEåav;okdU oGm;onf/
   (2) xkdrSwpfqifh arNrdKUokdU c&D;qufrnf/
yxr0gusü&Sdaom rEåav; onf emrf jzpfonf/ 'kwd,0gusü&Sdaom xkd [laom yk'fonf emrf yk'f rEåav; ae&mwGif tpm;xkd;í okH;aomyk'fjzpfonf/ xkdUaMumifh xkd [laom yk'fonf emrfpm; jzpfonf/

emrfpm;rsm;

ol ? rif; ? ig ? uRefawmf ? uRefr ? &Sif ?
cifAsm; ? eif ? nnf; ? usKyf ? uREkfyf ?
rdrd ? oif ? xkd ? þ ? 4if; ponf

rSwf&ef/ / emrf\tpm; okH;aom yk'fukd emrfpm;[k ac:onf/

avhusifhcef;

1/ emrfpm;\ t"dyÜm,fukd a&;yg/

2/ oif odaom emrfpm; (5) ckukd a&;yg/

3/ atmufyg 0gustoD;oD;ü yg0ifaom emrfpm;rsm;ukd rsOf;om;yg/
(u) ]'DaeU ausmif;qif;&if rif;ukd ausmif;atmufu ig apmifhaer,f} [k q&mu armif0if;ukd ajymonf/
(c) ]vrf;MuHKom;yJ? &SifvJ ausmif;qif;awmh uRefrwkdUeJU jyefvkdufygvm;} [k rat;u armif0if;ukd tazmfpyfonf/
(*) ]uRefawmf vkdufvkdU rjzpfbl;xifw,f? q&m ausmif;atmufu apmifhaew,f? cifAsm; jyefESifhayawmh} [k armif0if;u rat;ukd ajymonf/
(C) ]nnf; jyef&rSm wpfa,mufwnf; jzpfae&if usKyf tazmfvkdufcJhr,fav} [k rbkwfu rat;ukd ajymonf/

(i) ]eif vkdufvm&if ykdaumif;wmaygh? eifa&m iga&m ESpfa,mufpvkH; tazmf&oGm;wmaygh} [k rat;u 0rf;om
tm;& ajymvkdufonf/

4/ atmufyg uGufvyftoD;oD;ü qDavsmfaom emrfpm;ukd jznfhyg/
(u) ]......tjyif cP oGm;yg&ap q&mr} [k armifckdifu cGifhawmif;onf/
(c) ]vmr,fh we*FaEGaeUrSm......&kyf&SifoGm;csifw,fuGm?......tarhukd ajymygvm;?......wkdU twlwloGm; Mur,f} [k armifjrihfu armifjzLukd tazmfpyfonf/
(*) ]armif0if;wkdUukdvJ ajymvkdufygvm;?......vJ vkduf&if aysmfp&m BuD;aerSm} [k armifjzLu armifjrifhukd ajym onf/
(C) ]......wkdUeJU vkdufawmhvkdufcsifw,f? 'gayr,fh......u armifjidrf;wkdU tdrfu tvSLukd ulzkdU uwday;xm; w,f? aemufwpfcg......wkdUoGm;awmh ac:uGm?......vkdufr,f} [k armif0if;u armifjrifhukd ajymonf/
(i) 'Dwpfcg......rvkdufEkdif&if aemufwpfcgawmh vkdufjzpfatmif vkdufaemf......wkdU aysmfaysmfyg;yg; oGm;Mu &atmif} [k armifjzLu armif0if;ukd ajymonf/

5/ atmufyg rsOf;om;xm;aom emrftoD;oD;ukd qDavsmfaom emrfpm;jzifh tpm;xkd;yg/
(u) armifjrifhonf ausmif;om;wpfa,muf jzpfonf/
armifjrifhonf tvGef pmBudK;pm;onf/
(c) armifjrifhESifh armifqifhonf nDtpfukd jzpfonf/
armifjrifhESifh armifqifhwkdUonf wpfa,mufESifhwpfa,muf cspfcifMuifemMuonf/

(*) ]armifoef; wpfreufvkH; pmusufaew,f} [k armifoef;u oli,fcsif; armifjrifhukd ajymonf/
(C) ]naebuf armifoef; b,foGm;ao;vJ} [k armifjrifhu armifoef;ukd ar;onf/
(i) ]ukdoef;eJU ukdjrifhwkdUygvm; ukdoef;eJU ukdjrifhwkdU aeaumif;w,faemf} [k rat;u EIwfqufonf/

6/ atmufyg 0gustoD;oD;ü rsOf;om;xm;aom emrfpm;ukd oufqkdif&m emrfESifh wGJyg/
erlem ]igvmrnf} [k armifbu ajymonf/
ig - armifb
(u) ]rif;wkdU pmar;yGJatmifcsif&if pmBudK;pm;Mu} [k q&mBuD;u ausmif;om;rsm;ukd qkH;ronf/
(c) ]rif;ukd ig ajymp&m&Sdw,f} [k armif0if;u armifjrifhukd wkd;wkd; ajymonf/
(*) ]ausmif;qif;&if uRefawmf tdrfjyefawmhr,f} [k armifoef;u ajymonf/
(C) ]eif bm ajymaewmvJ} [k rat;u armif0if;ukd ar;onf/
(i) ]cifAsm;ukd uRefawmf aps;xJrSm awGUvkdufw,f] [k armifckdifu armifbukd ajymonf/

7/ atmufyg 0gustoD;oD;ü rsOf;om;xm;aom emrfpm;ukd qDavsmfatmif jyifyg/
(u) armifjidrf;onf vdr®monf/ 4if;onf rdbudk ulnDonf/
(c) armifjrifh? armifqifhESifh armifoef;wkdUonf oli,fcsif;rsm; jzpfMuonf/uREkfyfwkdUonf wpfa,mufESifh wpfa,muf tvGef cifrif Muonf/

(*) ]nnf;ukd ig vmawGUtkH;r,f} [k armifcifu armifvSukd ajymonf/
(C) ]uREkfyf xifwm rSefw,fr[kwfvm;} [k rpef;u oli,fcsif; r0kdif;ukd ar;onf/
(i) ]oli,fcsif;? vmr,fh we*FaEGaeUrSm ig &kyf&SifoGm;rvkdU? oif a&m vkduftkH;rvm;} [k armifausmfu armifckdifukd ajymonf/

ay;xm;aom emrf;pm;wkdUrS qDavsmfaom emrfpm;ukd a&G;í uGufvyfjznfhyg/
(u) OD;bcspfu obmywdtjzpf aqmif&GufjyD;...........u tcrf;tem;rIK;tjzpf aqmif&Gufygrnf/ (uRefawmf? cifAsm;)
(c) rkdrkdonf vdr®maom qifwpfaumifjzpfonf/...........onf MuuftvGef BudKufonf/ (uREkfyf? ol)
(*) ...........wkdUonf wkdif;jynfESifh vlrsdK;tay:wGif opöm&SdMu&rnf/ (ol? uREkfyf)
(C) ............ukd,fukd aumif;atmif BudK;pm;oifhonf/ (uREkfyf? rdrd)
(i) nDav;u rkefU[if;cg;BudKufí............u acgufqGJ BudKufonf/ (uRefr? uRefawmf)

vdif? udef;

vdif

16/ txD;trobm0ukd vdif[k ac:onf/ vdif (4)rsdK; &Sdonf/ 4if;wkdUrSm-
(u) ykv’dif
(c) £w¬dvdif
(*) eykv’dif
(C) 'Gdvdif wkdUjzpfMuonf/

17/ (u) ykv’dif/ / a,musfm;obm0? txD;obm0&Sdaom emrfonf ykv’dif jzpfonf/
OD;wifh onf armifjrifh\ tbkd;jzpfonf/
þ0gusü-
(1) OD;wifh = (a,musfm;)
(2) armifjrifh = (a,musfm;)
(3) tbkd; = (a,musfm;) wkdUonf a,musfm;obm0 &Sdaom emrfrsm; jzpfaomaMumifh ykv’dif jzpfonf/

(c) £w¬dvdif/ / rdef;robm0? trobm0&Sdaom emrfonf £w¬dvdif jzpfonf/
a':cspfonf rat;\ tbGm;jzpfonf/
þ0gusü-
(1) a':cspf = (rdef;r)
(2) rat; = (rdef;r)
(3) tbGm; = (rdef;r) wkdUonf rdef;robm0 &Sdaom emrfrsm; jzpfaomaMumifh £w¬dvdifjzpfonf/

(*) eykv’dif f/ / txD;trobm0r&Sdaom emrfonf eykv’dif jzpfonf/
zefcGuf ukd pm;yGJay:rSm wifxm;yg/
þ0gusü-
(1) zefcGuf
(2) pm;yGJwkdUonf txD;trobm0r&Sdaom emrfrsm; jzpfaomaMumifh eykv’dif jzpfonf/

(C) 'Gdvdiff/ / txD;trobm0? trobm0ESpfrsdK;pvkH;ESifh qkdifaomemrfonf 'Gdvdif jzpfonf/
iSuf ysHonf/
þ0gusü iSuf onf iSufzkdESifhvnf; qkdifonf/ iSufrESifhvnf; qkdifonf/ þokdU txD;obm0? trobm0 ESpfrsdK;pvkH;ESifh qkdifaomaMumifh iSuf onf 'Gdvdif jzpfonf/

18/ vdif (4)rsdK;ukd odomvG,fulap&ef atmufygZ,m;ü jyxm;onf/

rSwf&ef/ / txD;tr obm0ukd vdif[k ac:onf/ vdif(4) rsdK;&Sdonf/
(u) ykv’dif (OD;wifh? armifjrifh? tbkd;) = txD;obm0ukd jyonf/
(c) £w¬dvdif ( a':cspf? rat;? tbGm;) = trobm0ukd jyonf/
(*) eykv’dif ( zefcGuf? pm;yGJ) = txD;tr r[kwfaom obm0ukd jyonf/
(C) 'dGvdif ( iSuf? vl? wd&pämef) = txD;tr ESpfrsdK;pvkH;ESifh qkdifaom obm0ukd jyonf/

udef;
19/ ta&twGufukd udef;[k ac:onf/ udef; (2)rsdK; &Sdonf/ 4if;wkdUrSm-
(u) {u0kpfudef;
(c) A[k0kpfudef; wkdUjzpfMuonf/

20/ (u) {u0kpfudef;/ / {u0kpfudef;onf ta&twGuf wpfckukd jyonf/
(1) armifjrifh onf rwifh\ oli,fcsif; jzpfonf/
þ0gusü-
(uu) armifjrifh = (emrf)
(cc) rwifh = (emrf)
(**) oli,fcsif; = (emrf) wkdUonf ta&twGuf wpfckom &SdaomaMumifh {u0kpfudef; jzpfonf/

(2) ol ausmif;okdU oGm;onf/
þ0gusü olonf ta&twGuf wpfckom &Sdaom emrfpm; jzpfaomaMumifh {u0kpfudef; jzpfonf/

(c) A[k0Spfudef;/ / A[k0Spfudef;onf wpfckxufykdaom ta&twGufukd jyonf/
(1) armifjrifhukd oli,fcsif;rsm;u cspfcifMuonf/
þ0gusü oli,fcsif;rsm; onf ta&twGuf wpfckxufykdaom emrf jzpfonf/ ta&twGuf wpfckxuf ykdaMumif;ukd rsm; [laom pum;vkH;u jyonf/ xkdUaMumifh oli,fcsif;rsm;onf A[k0kpfudef; jzpfonf/

(2) olwkdU ausmif;okdU oGm;Muonf/
þ0gusü olwkdUonf ta&twGuf wpfckxufykdaom emrfpm; jzpfonf/ ta&twGuf wpfckxufykd aMumif;ukd wkdU[laom pum;vkH;u jyonf/ xkdUaMumifh olwkdU onf A[k0kpfudef; jzpfonf/

21/ atmufygZ,m;wGif {u0kpfudef;ESifh A[k0kpfudef;wkdUukd jyxm;onf/

rSwf&ef/ / ta&twGufukd udef;[k ac:onf/ ta&twGuf wpfckom&Sdaom emrfonf {u0kpfudef; jzpf onf/ ta&twGuf wpfckxuf ykdaomemrfonf A[k0kpfudef; jzpfonf/

avhusifhcef;

1/ atmufyg emrftoD;oD;ukd vdifcGJjyyg/
tbkd;? avS? tdrf? rdef;uav;? trd? tz? &Sifbk&if? rdzk&m;? uav;? ausmif;? bkef;BuD;? r,foDv? tbGm;? oli,fcsif;/

2/ atmufyg ykv’difemrftoD;oD;ukd £w¬dvdifemrfokdU ajymif;yg/
taz? tbkd;? a,musfm;? Muufz? qdwfxD;? EGm;xD;? 0wfqHzkd? xef;zkd/

3/ atmufyg emrftoD;oD;rS 'Gdvdifemrfukd xkwfjyyg/
tysdK? vlysdK? vl? oli,fcsif;? rdwfaqG? rif;orD;? ausmif;om;? ausmif;ol? uav;? {nfhonf? tar? taz?tbkd;? tbGm;/

4/ atmufyg emrftoD;oD;ukd A[k0kpfudef;okdU ajymif;yg/
jrif;? acG;? opfyif? ykvif;? rsufpd? ausmif;om;? tdrf? uREkfyf? oif? q&m? ol/

5/ atmufyg emrftoD;oD;ukd {u0kpfudef;okdU ajymif;yg/
tdrfrsm;? wd&pämefrsm;? pmtkyfrsm;? vlwkdU? vlrsm;? cJwHrsm;? a,musfm;rsm;? rdef;rrsm;? opfyifrsm;? jrpfrsm;? acsmif;rsm;? q&mwkdU? q&mrwkdU? uav;wkdU? EGm;wkdU? qdwfwkdU/

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